Scenario:
Assume that the chief operating officer ofthe clinic has contacted you to create a conceptual model whose application will meet the expecteddatabase requirements for the clinic. The officer gives you the description of the clinic's operatingenvironment. Any patient can make any number of appointments with one or more doctors in the clinic,and a doctor can accept appointments with many patients. However, each appointment is made withonly one doctor, and each appointment references a single patient. Emergency cases do not require anappointment. However, an emergency is entered into the appointment book as "unscheduled" forappointment management purposes. If kept, an appointment yields a visit with the doctor specified inthe appointment. The visit yields a diagnosis and, when appropriate, treatment. Each visit updates thepatient's records to provide a medical history.
Each patient visit creates a bill. Each patient visit is billedby one doctor, and each doctor can bill many patients. Each bill must be paid. However, a bill may bepaid off in many installments, and a payment may cover more than one bill. A patient may pay the billdirectly, or the bill may be the basis for a claim submitted to an insurance company. It is expected that ifthe bill is paid by an insurance company, the deductible is submitted to the patient for payment.
Propose a conceptual model after an in-depth research on clinic information management system'soperations and processes. In order to come up with an appropriate design/solution, you must study therequirements, issues and best practices in this problem context. You can make relevant assumptionsrequired to formulate business rules, security, administration and modelling.
Based on the above information execute Task 1, Task 2 and Task 3. You may have to make additional assumptions to execute Task 1, Task 2 and Task 3.
Task 1:
Design an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) to model the above scenario. Identify the different entities and attributes of each entity. (A minimum of 8 entities need to be identified). Suggest and justify the choice of relationship and cardinality of the relationship. State the assumptions (if any) made by you to develop the ERD based on your research. Provide detailed analysis and justification for the selection of entities and attributes based on your research.
Task 2:
Derive a set of relational tables from the ER diagram (Task 1), using appropriate choices for the tableattributes. List the integrity rules and business rules, which you would recommend to ensure the qualityof data. Indicate all necessary key constraints. Critically analyze the constraints and business rules basedon your study of the clinic.
Task 3:
Outline the kinds of anomalies that can arise in the scenario given above by using un-normalized tables. Show how the table created in task 2 could be re-organised into separate tables to avoid anomalies (Decompose the table structures to a set of 3NF tables).
Task 4:
As a database administrator identification of specific roles for users, authentication policy,storage management and database recovery are critical. The efficiency and complexity of databaseadministration depends on the identified strategy and tools. Propose and critically review usermanagement, backup/recovery strategy, storage management/techniques formulated for the systemdiscussed in Task 1-3.