Assignment:
Notes for Grignard
• All glassware must be completely dry! (Place the glassware in the oven for 20 minutes to dry. It is not necessary to flame-dry. Lightly grease the ground joints before placing the glassware in the oven. After drying, assemble the glassware while it is still hot.
• Plan to add 1 or 2 crystals of iodine, no more than that, prior to beginning to add 2-bromopentane to the magnesium. You will receive additional instructions for initiating the reaction from your AI.
• You will perform this reaction at ½ scale.
Q1. How might primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols be prepared from a Grignard reagent and a suitable carbonyl-containing compound? Write chemical reactions for these preparations using any starting materials you wish; indicate stoichiometry where important.
Q2. What molecular feature or features allow carbon dioxide to function as an electrophile?
Q3. Why is it necessary to acidify the mixture obtained after the reaction of phenyl- magnesium bromide with carbon dioxide?
Q4. The yield of benzoic acid obtained when only enough acid is added to the aqueous solution of sodium benzoate to bring the pH to 7 is lower than that obtained if the pH is brought below 5. Explain.
Provide complete and step by step solution for the question and show calculations and use formulas.