Make sure you do the following:
Number and letter the answers accordingly and keep the problems in order.
Use complete and coherent sentences to answer the questions.
Upload your assignment onto blackboard as a Word document.
Note: When graphing to check for normality and outliers, if you determine that a problem is using two independent samples, produce separate graphs for each sample. If you determine that a problem is using a matched pairs design, only produce graphs of the column of differences.
Pollution index measurements were recorded for eight different areas in a city during rush hour and non-rush hour traffic:
Non-Rush Hour Levels
Rush Hour Levels
1.84
2.92
0.95
1.88
5.35
4.26
3.18
3.81
3.44
4.69
3.69
4.86
5.81
4.95
4.47
5.55
Is there sufficient evidence to show that pollution levels increase during rush hour traffic?
What test are you using? Why? What is (are) the parameter(s) we are conducting inference on? Choose one of the following symbols (m; mD (the mean difference from a matched pairs design); m1 - m2 (the mean difference from independent samples); p, or p1 - p2) and describe it in words.
Depending on your answer to part (a), construct one or two probability plots and one or two boxplots to visualize the distribution(s) of your sample data. If you construct two probability plots and two boxplots, please construct two separate Minitab probability plots and one Minitab boxplot displaying both boxes on the same graph. Also, properly title and label your graphs. Copy and paste these graphs into your assignment. Below the graphs, answer the following questions.
Are there any major deviations from normality?
Are there any outliers present?
Is it appropriate to conduct statistical inference procedures, why or why not?
If the answer to part iii is no, do not complete the rest of #1.
At the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the pollution levels increase during rush hour traffic.
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
State the significance level for this problem.
Calculate the test statistic
Calculate the P-value and include the probability notation statement.
State whether you reject or do not reject the null hypothesis.
State your conclusion in context of the problem (i.e. interpret your results).
For the above situation, construct a 96.2% confidence interval for the above data. Interpret the confidence interval.
Researchers collected samples of water from streams in a mountain range to investigate the effects of acid rain. They measured the pH (acidity) of the water (a lower pH means the water is more acidic). They then classified the steams with respect to the kind of substrate (type of rock on which they flow). Here are the results
SubstrateSample sizeSample MeanSample Standard Deviation
Limestone417.72.2
Shale336.81.7
Is there sufficient evidence that there is a significant difference in the acidity of streams that flow on limestone and on shale?
What is (are) the parameter(s) we are conducting inference on? Choose one of the following symbols (m; mD (the mean difference from a matched pairs design); m1 - m2 (the mean difference from independent samples); p, or p1 - p2) and describe it in words.
Are the conditions satisfied? Why or why not?
If the answer to part b is no, do not complete the rest of #2.
At the 0.05 significance level, can the researcher conclude from these data that there is a significant difference between the mean acidity of the streams that flow on limestone and on shale?
State the null and alternative hypotheses.
State the significance level for this problem.
Calculate the test statistic.
Calculate the P-value and include the probability notation statement.
State whether you reject or do not reject the null hypothesis.
State your conclusion in context of the problem (i.e. interpret your results).