Question 1
Define each of the following terms:
a. Operating plan; Financial plan
b. Spontaneous Liabilities; profit margin; payout ratio
c. Additional funds needed (AFN); AFN equation; capital intensity ratio; self supporting growth rate
d. Forecasted financial statement approach using percent of sales
e. Excess capacity; lumpy assets; economies of scale
f. Full capacity sales; target fixed assets/sales ratio; required level of fixed assets
Question 2
Name five key factors that affect a firm's external financing requirements.
Problem 3
Maggie's Muffins, Inc., generated $5,000,000 in sales during 2013, and its year-end total assets were $2,500.000. Also at year-end 2013, current liabilities were 1,000,000, consisting of $300,000of notes payable, $500,000 of accounts payable, and $200,000 of accruals. Looking ahead to 2014, the company estimates that its assets must increase at the same rate as sales, its spontaneous liabilities will increase at the same rate as sales, its profit margin will be 7%, and its payout ratio will be %80. How large a sales increase can the company achieve without having to raise funds externally- that is, what is its self-supporting growth rate?
Problem 4
The Booth Company's sales are forecasted to double from $1,000 in 2013 to $2,000 in 2014. Here is the December 31, 2013 balance sheet:
Booth's fixed assets were used to only 50% of capacity during 2013, but its current assets were at their proper levels in relation to sales. All assets except fixed assets must increase at the same rate as sales, and fixed assets would also have to increase the same rate if the current excess capacity did not exist. Booth's after-tax profit margin is forecasted to be 5% and its payout ratio to be 60%. What is Booth's additional funds needed (AFN) for the coming year?