Problem: A 57-year-old male presents to the emergency department (ED) with dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, and using abdomen to inhale and exhale. Client is in the tripod position. Skin is warm with no cyanosis. Heart sounds are regular with no murmurs. He has no productive cough. Client has a barrel chest with limited excursion and decreased fremitus. Hyperresonance is present. Wheezes auscultated in upper lobes and reduced breath sounds in lower lobes. Abdomen is concave with active bowel sounds. Clubbing is present in fingers. Oxygen applied via nasal cannula. Portable chest X-ray obtained. Vital signs are blood pressure of 142/88 mmHg, heart rate of 120 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 36 breaths per minute, temperature 98.6°F (37°C), and pulse oximetry reading of 86%. The nurse analyzes the assessment findings to determine a plan of care. For each assessment finding, click to indicate whether findings from this client's assessment are generally associated with pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, and/or emphysema. Each row must have at least 1, but may have more than 1, response option selected. Assessment Finding Pneumonia Chronic Bronchitis Emphysema Clubbing Dyspnea Barrel chest Bullae on lungs History of smoking Afebrile. Need Assignment Help?