Discuss the below:
Philosophy: Introduction to Philosophy
Consider the following four examples of standard two-term categorical propositions. Show their forms a.); name their forms b.): and then state their logical negations
1.) Some non-killings are not immoral.
a.
b.
c.
2.) All specimens of gold are not metallic.
a.
b.
c.
3.) Some Idahoans are ranchers.
a.
b.
c.
4.) All non-salts are acids.
a.
b.
c.
5.) Name the quantifier in example #1.
6.) Name the quality of example #2.
7.) Name the quality of example #3.
8.) Name the quantifier in example #4
Consider the following box and its contents. How many word-tokens are in this box? How many word-types? How many terms? (1 point each for a total of 3 points) Note: "yuki" is Romanized Japanese meaning snow.
snow yuki
yuki yuki snow snow yuki
What is the token-type distinction? (4 points) Who first explicated the token-type distinction
State the following principles/axioms in a.) and then explicate what they each mean in b.) .
1.) The Principle of Non-Contradiction
a.
b.
2.) The Axiom of Equals
a.
b.
The following is a Socratic definition of a human being given by Aristotle.
A human being is a rational animal.
1. In that definition the genus is
2. In that definition the species is
3. In that definition the differentia is
State the Principle of Nota Notae. (3 points)
Matching: Match the answers on the right with the questions below.
1.) unclear meaning A.) differentia F.) general
2.) the referents of a term B.) intension G.) extension
3.) a category of wider extension C.) vague H.) pretension
4.) the meaning of a term D.) genus I.) hypertension
5.) a distinguishing property E.) ambiguous J.) tension headache
Words about words: Answer the following three questions
If a word is ambiguous, what should you do with it?
If a word is vague, what should you do with it?
If a word is overly-general, what should you do with it?
Short Essay I. Write at least one substantial paragraph in answer to the following question. Why can't a thing be too good? (Hint: Use an
Argument of the form Reductio ad Absurdum. What would be your initial supposition in this argument?)
Essay Question I: Write at least three substantial paragraphs in answer to this question
How does Aristotle's anthropic hylomorphism relate to his logical hylomorphism? Basically this requires unpacking the meaning of his thesis that human beings are rational animals. Be sure to include a discussion of the relation of the term/proposition/argument triple to the apprehending/judging/reasoning triple.
Essay Question I: Write at least three substantial paragraphs in answer to this question.
Explicate Aristotle's Correspondence Theory of Truth by first quoting his definitions of truth and falsity, and then unpacking its meaning clause by clause. Illustrate your answer with an example.
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Bonus Question I: Can an unsound argument ever be valid? Justify your answer.
Bonus Question II: What is the difference between the intension of a term and the extension of a term?