Select one of the psychological perspectives or subdivisions. Using your own words, describe it and explain how knowledge of this perspective could be beneficial to you in your education or workplace. Include concrete examples in your explanation.
In the article "Psychology in Everyday Life: How to Effectively Learn and Remember" included in your lesson, the author recommends goal setting as a strategy for success. Discuss your strategy for completing this course.
Discuss the need for scientific research in the field of psychology. How does psychological research obtain and use empirical evidence?
Earlier in this lesson, we read about research suggesting that there is a correlation between eating cereal and weight. Cereal companies that present this information in their advertisements could lead someone to believe that eating more cereal causes healthy weight. Why would they make such a claim and what arguments could you make to counter this cause-and-effect claim?
Select one of the ethics case studies included in the lesson or in the article link above and discuss the ethical violations. Refer to the characteristics of an ethical research project in your response. Would it be possible to reproduce this study under the current guidelines for ethical studies? Explain your answer.
1. A method of psychotherapy and theory of personality based upon the unconscious mind that originated with the beliefs of Sigmund Freud in the early twentieth century is known as ________.
a. Psychoanalysis
b. Functionalism
c. Structuralism
2. Which is the best example of forensic psychology?
a. Assess a person's ability to stand trial
b. Assess patterns of behavior at crime scenes
c. Assess criminal minds
3._____________ stressed the importance of early childhood experience in forming our personality and shaping our behavior.
a. Carl Rogers
b. B.F. Skinner
c. Sigmund Freud
4. Wilhelm Wundt is credited with formally initiating the movement to make psychology a science because he ________.
a. Was the first to conduct psychological research on mental illness?
b. Established the first psychological laboratory
c. Coined the term psychoanalysis
d. Discovered phrenology
5. An undergraduate degree in psychology can lead to a position in
a. social work
b real estate
c. healthcare
d. human resources
e. All of the above
6. Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study ________.
a. Only behavior
b. Only the mind
c. The mind and behavior
d. The soul, the mind, and behavior
7. Robert is a social psychologist. He would be most interested in studying the effects of ________.
a. Parental discipline techniques on the social development of young children.
b. Parental discipline techniques on the thought patterns of young children.
c. Parental discipline techniques on the short-term memory of young children.
d. Parental discipline techniques on young children in the U.S. as compared to those in Southern Europe.
8. A psychological approach that emphasizes unconscious dynamics and inner conflicts is known as the ________.
a. Pseudoscience perspective
b. Cognitive perspective
c. Psychodynamic perspective
9. A psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior is ________.
a. Social-cultural perspective
b. Learning perspective
c. Cognitive perspective
10. An early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements coined by E.B. Titchener in the late 1800s was known as ________.
a. Structuralism
b. Functionalism
c. Psychoanalysis
d. Evolution
11. Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effect conclusions?
a. Correlational
b. Experimental
c. Quasi-experimental
d. Survey
12. A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is a ________.
a. Descriptive
b. Correlational
c. Case study
13. A naturalistic or laboratory study in which a researcher records behavior without interference is known as a (an) observational study.
a. True
b. False
14. In an experimental study, a variable that the experimenter manipulates is the ________.
a. dependent variable
b. double-blind variable
c. independent variable
d. inferential variable
15. Statistical procedures that organize and summarize research data are referred to as ________.
a. arithmetic mean
b. descriptive statistics
c. inferential statistics
d. standard deviation
16. In the 1950s Birth Control Study, poor uneducated Puerto Rican women were chosen to participate in a birth control study. This was unethical because ________________
a. the women were not told they were part of an experiment.
b. the researchers did not investigate the deaths or the side effects.
c. the women were only given information that coerced them into taking the pill.
d. a and b
e. a and c
f. a, b, and c
17. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study was ethically problematic because ________.
a. only black men were invited to participate
b. participants were not allowed to seek available treatment
c. penicillin was not administered to the men's wives
d. the study was continued for approximately 40 years
18. ________ is/are often conducted with large numbers of participants and can even be conducted by phone, email, or mail.
a. archival research
b. case studies
c. surveys
d. university experiments
19. The ________ group does not get the experimental treatment.
a. alternate experimental
b. control
c. dependent
d. independent
20. Institutional Review Boards review proposals that involve animal experiments.
a. True
b. False