Implement the database you designed to address the requirements of the Western Highlands Zoo case study
The assignment addresses the following learning outcomes for the unit:
1. Demonstrate practical skills in using SQL
2. Demonstrate practical skills in normalisation and convert a conceptual database design to a logical design in 3NF
3. Create a database from a given design using a DBMS and implement specified constraints using appropriate tools and approaches
4. Explain and implement security as it applies in the database environment.
Case study
Re-read the description of the Western Highlands Zoo case in Assignment 1 if you need to refresh your memory.
The WHZ Director is pleased with your work so far and asked you to go on to implement your design. They have an addition to the original specifications that you should note:
- The WHZ want to provide a number of visitor ‘experiences', consisting of guided tours and close encounters with the animals. They are modelling these somewhat on those at Perth Zoo
- The experiences happen on various days and times, but each one is scheduled regularly (for example, the Penguin tour is always Tuesdays and Thursdays at 10.00am). All the experiences are scheduled for a month ahead (i.e. your data will show the schedule for October and November 2017).
- The following information is to be stored about each experience: Name, brief description, date, time, and duration. In addition, the ‘close encounters' experience also stores minimum age, maximum group size, cost, and any restrictions on who can participate.
- Each of the experiences has one or more particular animal types as its main attraction, and of course an animal type may participate in more than one experience.
- The WHZ wish the list of experiences to be searchable by potential visitors so that they can see what is on offer in the coming weeks. However, they are not planning on using it to make bookings as yet.
They also have some minor clarifications that you should note:
- Zones and habitat types are different things. A zone is a broad region of the zoo that encompasses a range of habitat types, whereas a habitat is where the animal occurs in the wild, and might be particular to only one or two species. There are around half a dozen main zones, which are marked on the zoo map that visitors can use to plan their visits.
Part 1: Revised ERD and schema
a) Create and submit the ERD for this database that you are going to use as the basis of your implementation.
b) Include a one or two paragraph explanation as to the changes you have made to the ERD on the basis of your feedback from Assignment 1 and/or as a result of having to support the new functionality and views described in this assignment.
c) Show the relational schema in 3NF that will be the basis of your implemented design. Show your relations using the following convention:
RELATION_NAME (PrimaryKey, Attribute, Attribute, ... ForeignKey)
Part 2: Data dictionary
Create a data dictionary for your database. This should include:
a) For each table: a definition of each column (attribute), consisting of the column name, brief description of what it represents, its data type and size, domain (allowable values), any default value, whether it is required, whether unique, and any constraints (primary key, foreign key). You can follow the example in Lab 07. Use the data types available in Oracle.
b) For each of the columns that is a foreign key, give the appropriate referential integrity rules (i.e. the "on delete.... ; on update" etc actions that should apply when the corresponding primary key is altered). The appropriate action should be included whether or not there is a statement in Oracle to implement it.
c) Any business rules (enterprise constraints) that should apply to the database that haven't already been covered.
Note that your data dictionary must be consistent with your ERD and schema.
Part 3: Implementation
Implement the tables for the Western Highlands Zoo in Oracle SQLPlus on arion.murdoch.edu.au. Note the following:
a) All tables should be created as per your ERD and data dictionary; the marker will check your ERD against your tables. You do NOT need to include the SQL CREATE TABLE statements that you used to create the tables.
b) All entity and referential integrity constraints should be created and appropriately named.
c) All columns (attributes) should be of an appropriate data type/size and be set as required, unique or not as appropriate.
d) All domain constraints should be implemented.
e) All tables should be populated with sample data that will allow the marker to test that your database fulfils the application requirements as specified and supports the transactions and views listed below. Also provide the same sample data in your Word document. If you use a screen dump, it MUST be a size that is readable without zooming.
Note you do not need to include the SQL INSERT statements that you used to add the data. You can use the Perth Zoo website for inspiration on sample data.
f) SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT and DELETE permissions should be GRANTED on all database objects (particularly tables and views) to the user MARKERTL. This is most important. If you
do not grant this permission, the marker will not be able to mark this part of your assignment and you will not get any marks for it.
g) Please state in your documentation whether you have used your V account or H account.
Part 4: Views
Create VIEWS for the following in Oracle (views should be named as ViewA, ViewB etc). Note that some of these have changed from Assignment 1 in line with WHZ's new requirements.
You should also provide the CREATE VIEW statements you used to create the views in your Word document.
VIEW A All the animal types represented at the zoo, the class they belong to, and their conservation status.
VIEW B The number of individuals of each animal type, ranked from most individuals to least. VIEW C All Australian animal types that are endangered.
VIEW D All the individual animals looked after by a particular keeper, and the enclosures they are in.
VIEW E The names of all the head keepers, and the number of keepers supervised by each of them. VIEW F All the animal types represented in a particular zone.
VIEW G All the keepers who work in a particular zone.
VIEW H The history notes about Sophie the giraffe for 2016.
VIEW I All the experiences for a particular day, in time order (starting in the morning)
VIEW J All the guided tours that involve elephants for the week beginning 1 November 2017.