Generate the needed statistical output using the data from

Question

Requirement in Quantitative Research

Direction: Use SPSS to generate the needed statistical output using the data from each problem to answer the research question posed. Submit a hardcopy of the SPSS output together with your answers.

Problem 1:

John M. Morton et al. examined gallbladder function before and after fundoplication - a surgery used to stop stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus (reflux)-in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The authors measured gallbladder functionality by calculating the gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) before and after fundoplication. The goal of fundoplication is to increase GBEF, which is measured as a percent. The data are shown in Table 1. We wish to know if these data provide sufficient evidence to allow us to conclude that fundoplication increases GBEF functioning.

TABLE 1 Gallbladder Function in Patients with Presentations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Before and After Treatment

Preop (%)	22	63.3	96	9.2	3.1	50	33	69	64	18.8	0	34
Postop (%)	63.5	91.5	59	37.8	10.1	19.6	41	87.8	86	55	88	40

Problem 2:

The purpose of an investigation by Morley, et al. was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of a daily dose of oral methadone in patients with chronic neuropathic pain syndromes. The researchers used a visual analogue scale (0 - 100 mm with higher number indicating higher pain) ratings for maximum pain intensity over the course of the day. Each subject took either 20 mg of methadone or a placebo each day for 5 days. Subjects did not know which treatment they were taking. The following table gives the mean maximum pain intensity scores for the 5 days on methadone and the 5 days on placebo. Do these data provide sufficient evidence, at the .05 level of significance, to indicate that in general the maximum pain intensity is lower on days when methadone is taken?

Subject	Methadone	Placebo
1	29.8	57.2
2	73	69.8
3	98.6	98.2
4	58.8	62.4
5	60.6	67.2
6	57.2	70.6
7	57.2	67.8
8	89.2	95.6
9	97	98.4
10	49.8	63.2
11	37	63.6

Problem 3:

Ellen Davis Jones (A-15) studied the effects of reminiscence therapy for older women with depression. She studied 15 women 60 years or older residing for 3 months or longer in an assisted living long-term care facility. For this study, depression was measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Higher scores indicate more severe depression symptoms. The participants received reminiscence therapy for long-term care, which uses family photographs, scrapbooks, and personal memorabilia to stimulate memory and conversation among group members. Pretreatment and post-treatment depression scores are given in the following table. Can we conclude, based on these data, that subjects who participate in reminiscence therapy experience, on average, a decline in GDS depression scores? Let α = 0.01.

Pre-GDS:	12	10	16	2	12	18	11	16	16	10	14	21	9	19	20
Post-GDS:	11	10	11	3	9	13	8	14	16	10	12	22	9	16	18

Problem 4:

Beney et al. (A-16) evaluated the effect of telephone follow-up on the physical wellbeing dimension of health-related quality of life in patients with cancer. One of the main outcome variables was measured by the physical well-being subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale-General (FACT-G). A higher score indicates higher physical well-being. The following table shows the baseline FACT-G score and the follow-up score to evaluate the physical well-being during the 7 days after discharge from hospital to home for 66 patients who received a phone call 48-72 hours after discharge that gave patients the opportunity to discuss medications, problems, and advice. Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that quality of physical well-being significantly decreases in the first week of discharge among patients who receive a phone call? Let α = 0.05.

Subject	Baseline	Follow-up	Subject	Baseline	Follow-up
	FACT-G	FACT-G		FACT-G	FACT-G
1	16	19	34	25	14
2	26	19	35	21	17
3	13	9	36	14	22
4	20	23	37	23	22
5	22	25	38	19	16
6	21	20	39	19	15
7	20	10	40	18	23
8	15	20	41	20	21
9	25	22	42	18	11
10	20	18	43	22	22
11	11	6	44	7	17
12	22	21	45	23	9
13	18	17	46	19	16
14	21	13	47	17	16
15	25	25	48	22	20
16	17	21	49	19	23
17	26	22	50	5	17
18	18	22	51	22	17
19	7	9	52	12	6
20	25	24	53	19	19
21	22	15	54	17	20
22	15	9	55	7	6
23	19	7	56	27	10
24	23	20	57	22	16
25	19	19	58	16	14
26	21	24	59	26	24
27	24	23	60	17	19
28	21	15	61	23	22
29	28	27	62	23	23
30	18	26	63	13	3
31	25	26	64	24	22
32	25	26	65	17	21
33	28	28	66	22	21

Note: Please submit separate ecopy files of the datasets saved in SPSS (*.sav) Hardcopies or printout SPSS outputs will still have to be submitted.