A closed rigid tank with a volume of 2 m^3 contains hydrogen gas initially at 320 K and 180 kPa. Heat transfer from a reservoir at 500 K takes place until the gas temperature reaches 400 K.
a. Calculate the entropy change and entropy production for the hydrogen gas during the process, both in KJ/K, if the boundary temperature for the gas is the same as the gas temperature throughout the process.
b. Determine the entropy production, in KJ/K, for an enlarged system which includes the tank and the reservoir.
c. Explain why the entropy production differ for parts (a) and (b).
d. Find the entropy production for the gas and the total value, in KJ/K, if the system boundary temperature is 450 K throughout the process.
e. The hydrogen gas process is repeated, but paddle-wheel work is used instead of heat transfer. Calculate the entropy production in this case.
f. Compare relative irreversibility of process (b.) (d.), or (e.)