Some economists have noted that throughout recent U.S history, as the occurence of sun spots has increased, so has the rate of overall inflation. If any of these economist based this observation on a short-term forecast of inflation, he/she would be : a. confusing the problems of scarcity and abundance. b. commiting the fallacy of composition. c. committing the error of interpreting association as causation. d. using normative analysis. e. commiting the fallacy of double counting.