Explain altruism in case of hymenopterans


Problem:

Eusociality, particularly focusing on the presence of certain altruistic sterile organisms within the social set-up creates questions as to why would the process of natural selection have favoured the persistence of such genes especially in hymenopteric species. One explanation (provided probably by Hamilton) pertains to very similar genetic constitutions of females of such species (owing to haploid nature of males), which increases genetic similarity between the female members of the social group. Thus it would be more "beneficial" (i.e., favourable for the persistence of similar genetic builds) for a female worker to help the fellow siblings, to which it bears greater genetic similarity, than its own offspring to which it bears a lesser genetic similarity. This might in a deeper way explain altruism in case of hymenopterans where the male is a parthenogenetic haploid and the female is diploid.

Required:

Question: Why would the sterile condition of the workers in case of almost all eusocial groups be favoured by natural selection on grounds that it improves the 'fitness' of the 'genetic build' of the workers and ultimately the sterile altruists benefit the persistence of its genetic traits?

Moreover the altruistic nature of the haploid males also goes unexplained.


Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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Biology: Explain altruism in case of hymenopterans
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