EOQ or Economic Order Quantity occurs when the holding cost and ordering cost of an item intersect. Which of the following are considered when calculating holding costs?
a. Cost to retailers to provide prime shelf space
b. Cost of product obsolescence or spoilage
c. Warehousing and material handling costs
d. Investment or borrowing costs
e. Inventory procurement costs
I. a, c, d II. a, b, d III. a, d, e IV. c, d, e V. b, c, d