Question: One of the models of addiction from this week's reading that I found to be interesting is the withdrawal-relief model. The withdrawal-relief model is biomedical model, meaning that it views the physical dependence of addiction as a chronic brain condition. The withdrawal-relief model is based on the fact that drug use restores low levels of key neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin. The depression, anxiety, and other symptoms that appear when the drug is not used are explained by the onset of deficiencies in these neurotransmitters. This model is widely appealing because it justifies the intense need for the drug to relieve physical distress (Straub, 2022). The withdrawal-relief model does not explain why individuals start using substances in the first place, which is a large shortcoming (Straub, 2022). However, it does explain how the physical need to replenish neurotransmitters and avoid withdrawal symptoms keeps substance use going. Regarding what contributes to starting substance use, social learning models say that factors like exposure to pro-smoking media, socializing with friends and family who engage in substance use, and other rewarding aspects can encourage an individual to start using substances (Straub, 2022). Need Assignment Help?