Assignment Task:
Elena, a 47-year-old Hispanic woman, was seen in the primary care clinic for a routine follow-up of hypertension, for which she had been successfully managed with lisinopril, 20 mg/day, for the past three years. She has a family history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease. Elena reported a 20-lb weight gain over the past year, along with a sedentary lifestyle with no regular exercise routine. Other medical history was negative, including symptoms of fatigue, polyuria, or polydipsia. She denied past or current tobacco use. Elena presented with a waist size of 41 inches, a BMI of 32 kg/m2, and blood pressure of 124/81 mmHg. A subsequent lipoprotein profile was consistent with the common pattern associated with pre-diabetes, including a low HDL cholesterol (30 mg/dl) and a high triglyceride level (183 mg/dl). Her fasting glucose was 111 mg/dl, with a repeat value of 115 mg/dl one week later. To exclude a diagnosis of diabetes, a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test was ordered. Based on Elena's lab results and family history, a clinician determines that she is likely pre-diabetic. Individuals with pre-diabetes are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes within the next five to 10 years. Need Assignment Help?