Assignment:
QUESTION 1
1. Name four countries that became leading centers of Baroque art in 17th century Europe (outside Italy). Attn: this is Multiple Answer question - you need to check all 4 correct answers.
- Spain
- Greece
- Flanders
- Holland
- England
- France
QUESTION 2
Here is the greatest Spaniard in 17th century art - Velázquez [veh-LAHS-kez] The style of Italian Baroque must have seemed pretentious and insincere to Velazquez. He turned away from it to concentrate instead on the world before his eyes. His interests centered more on still life, portraits and genre than on religious scenes. he was appointed court painter by Spanish king Philip IV and moved to Madrid, where he spent the rest of his life, painting mainly portraits.
Type the artist's last name to remember it (capitalize). This is not for the exam but for your art history education.
QUESTION 3
In your textbook you have Velazquez as a chief representative of Spanish art of the 17th century. You have studied this section, completed the guide and hopefully you picked up the key term used in regards to Velasquez. - It is realism.
I woudl like to mention though, that the greatest artist Velazquez was not the most typical one to represent Spanish art of this period. This is why I want to introduce you to yet another famous Spanish artist - Zurbaran. This master stands out for the quite intensity of his devotional pictures. His works are filled with piety, and even religious mysticism, that was uniquely typical for Spanish art of the 17th century. ..... Here is your task. I'll show you two works - one painted by Zurbaran, another one by Velazquez. Tell me which artist did which painting. Base your judgment on differences in artists' styles and attitudes discussed above (in previous question too).
A. Zurbaran
B. Velazquez
QUESTION 4
1. RE: Important distinction between two historical parts of the Netherlands -Dutch Republic (modern Holland) and Flanders (modern Belgium)
In the 16th century theNetherlands(Low Land) came under the crown of Hapsburg Spain. Later, the repressions against the Protestants led the northern provinces to break away from Spain and to set up the Dutch republic.
The southern provinces remained Catholicand the area was called Flanders. The Flemish people continued to beunder Spanish monarchy.
The political distinction more or less reflects this original separation between Dutch Republic and Flanders (17th century name).
Make sure the geographical and historical relations between these two countries are clear to you. Also study the map and find France, Greece. Italy, Spain, Germany, and England. Just to refresh your geographic memory before moving on to the next chapters.
A. Holland
B. Belgium
C. Catholicism
D. Protestantism
QUESTION 5
1. It would be logical for us to start with Flemish art. Why so? - Because it was ideologically and stylistically close to the Italian Baroque. I want to show you a self-portrait of the brilliant Flemish master Peter Paul Rubens. [ROO-bens].
We have in Rubens, as in Raphael, the image of the successful, renowned artist, the consort of kings, and the shrewd cultured man of the world. He accepted commissions from many European kings and traveled from court to court as an honored guest and diplomat. His portrait shows that he was very conscious of his unique position. As you may guess, I want you to write the artist's name (capitalized)
QUESTION 6
Please take a look at Rubens' Battle of the Amazons. Also observe the painting in your textbook. Please read carefully and check five statements that characterize Rubens' artistic manner.
- Rubens' art shows the result of his long study of Italian art - especially Michelangelo and Caravaggio
- Strong modeling in dark and light heightens the drama
- His pictures are enriched in details, vivid contrasts and glowing colors
- His pictures are enriched in details, 4.The paintings are loaded with tension, both physical and emotional
- He emulated the dramatic chiaroscuro and theatrical presentation of the subject matter
- Rubens' art is closer to the classical principles of the early Italian Renaissance rather than to the illusionistic art of the late 16th and 17th centuries.
QUESTION 7
If we move to Holland, we find quite a different situation.
Here, severe Calvinistic Protestantism was puritanical toward religious art.
The churches were swept clean of images. The Dutch artists worked not for the patrons or churches but for the Market - for new wealthy middle-class.
In accordance with the clients' tastes the most popular genres wereportraits, landscapes, still life and interior paintings.
Rembrandt van Rijn epitomizes Dutch art of the 17th century, much as Rubens does for Flanders. [REHM-brand] As a matter of fact Rembrandt is considered as one of the greatest artists in the entire history of art. Please read, or reread the text in your book thoroughly if you did not give it enough time the first time. You should know how this great name is spelled - please show me that you do. (One word, see above in bold - capitalize it)
QUESTION 8
There is some very special tranquility embedded in all works painted by this artist, whether it is his beloved town of Delft, or simple genre scene depicting a girl in the interior. His painting gives you an illusion of complete naturalism, it may even look like a colored photograph, and yet we always feel that this is a genuine work of art with a very distinguish sense of serenity and harmony. Observe The Glass of Wine. Fill in the name of this highly regarded Dutch artist. It's pronounced as [ver-MEE-her]
QUESTION 9
Under Louis XIV (reigned 1660-1685) France became the most powerful nation in Europe. Paris had replaced Rome as the world capital of the visual arts - a position that it would hold for almost four centuries. As you already know French art of this period was different. France was an absolute monarchy, and it was a king who was the chief patron of all arts. It happened that Louis XIV loved classicism, in other words - art of the classical world of Greece and Rome.
This is why French version of Baroque is not quite baroque. This is why they talk about the Baroque Classicism in regards to French art of the 17th century. Just for a change I will show you the sculpture (in case you are tiered of all these paintings) Here are two equestrian statures of le grand roi Louis XIV. One of it is more baroque, one is more classical. Guess which of the statues was done by the renowned Bernini (do you still remember him?), and which one by the French sculptor - Girardon [Jee-rahr-DOHN]
A. Bernini
B. Girardon
QUESTION 10
Here is a check on how well you know the different baroque versions of the Flemish and Dutch art of the 17th century. I am going to show you two still-life paintings done by two artists - Sneiders and Heda. Both of them specialized exclusively on the still life genre. One of them is Flemish; the other one is a Dutch artist.
Tell me who is who. Base your guess on what you know about the stylistic differences of Flemish and Dutch art. Take a look one more time at works of Rubens (Flemish) and Rembrandt (Dutch) - compare and contrast them. Then submit the quiz and read my feedback.
A. Dutch
B. Flemish
QUESTION 11
Match 17th-century art in Europe with the prevalent subjects of depiction in each country.
A. Religious subjects glorifying saints and miracles.
B. Secular subjects - landscapes, daily life genre scenes, still life, portraits.
QUESTION 12
In the Dutch Republic (Holland), the major patrons and buyers of art were:
- aristocrats
- middle-class merchants and bankers
- church and clergy
QUESTION 13
Match the Baroque painters to their nationality.
A. Spanish
B. Flemish
C. Italian
D. Dutch