"In a population, the birth rate and death rate are calculated as follows:
Birth Rate = Number of birth / population
Death Rate = Number of death / population
for example, in a population of 100,000 that has 8,000 births and 6,000 deaths per year, the birth and death rate are:
Birth Rate = 8,000 / 100,000 = 0.08
Death Rate = 6,000 / 100,000 = 0.06
Design a Population class that stores a current population, annal number of births and annual number of deaths for some geographic area. The class should allow these three values to be set in either of two ways: by passing arguments to a three-parameter constructor when a new population object is created or by calling the setPopulation, setBirths, and setDeaths class member functions. The class should also have getBirthRate and getDeathRate functions that compute and return the birth and death rates. Write a short program that uses the population class and illustrates its capabilities.
Input Validation: If a population figure less than 2 is passed to the class, use a default value of 2. If a birth or death figure less than 0 is passed in, use the default value of 0."