Describe the three electrical events of an action potential


Problem

a) Describe the initiation and spread of an action potential through the heart's conducting system structures. Identify the "pacemaker" of the heart. Define an ectopic pacemaker.

b) Describe the 3 electrical events of an action potential in cardiac muscle cells. Include the ions involved and their direction of movement.

c) Explain the renin-angiotensin system and its influence on blood pressure.

d) Compare and contrast how Aldosterone, Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) hormone affect blood pressure.

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Biology: Describe the three electrical events of an action potential
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