Problem: In Rachels' essay, he describes how scientific thinking, in the time of Galileo and Newton, shifted the way that western culture understands ethics. Which of the following are true, according to Rachels' discussion of these ideas in the essay? There may be more than one answer. Group of answer choices Rachels points out that earlier thinkers (before Galileo/Newton's time) like Aristotle and Protagoras believed that "nature has made all things specifically for the sake of man." Rachels points out that, before the scientific perspectives of thinkers like Galileo and Newton, people viewed the laws of nature as how thing ought to be-- the natural world was viewed as being "as the creator intended." Rachels argues that this belief that the laws of nature are intended by God creates a situation where we judge right and wrong objectively-- so things that do not seem to serve a purpose for humans can be labeled "evil" (like a drought) and some human behaviors can be labeled "unnatural" and therefore evil (like sex that is not for procreation, etc). Galileo and Newton introduced a scientific perspective where things in the natural world may not have a "purpose" and certainly not a "purpose" for humans-- for example, the rain falls; it does not fall for us so we can grow crops. This new scientific view of Galileo and Newton transformed ethics because "right and wrong" can no longer be deduced from nature-- values are not inherent in nature. Need Assignment Help?