1. A clinical trial is run to evaluate the effectiveness of a new drug to prevent preterm delivery. A total of n=250 pregnant women agree to participate and are randomly assigned to receive either the new drug or a placebo and followed through the course of pregnancy. Among 125 women receiving the new drug, 24 deliver preterm and among 125 women receiving the placebo, 38 deliver preterm. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions of women who deliver preterm
2. clinical trial is run to investigate the effectiveness of an experimental drug in reducing preterm delivery to a drug considered standard care and to placebo. Pregnant women are enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either the experimental drug, the standard drug or placebo. Women are followed through delivery and classified as delivering preterm (< 37 weeks) or not. The data are shown below.
|
Preterm Delivery
|
Experimental Drug
|
Standard Drug
|
Placebo
|
|
Yes
|
17
|
23
|
35
|
|
No
|
83
|
77
|
65
|
Using this data, generate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions of women delivering preterm in the experimental and standard drug treatment groups
3. The following data were collected in a clinical trial to compare a new drug to a placebo for its effectiveness in lowering total serum cholesterol. Generate a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all patients with total cholesterol < 200.
|
|
New Drug
(n=75)
|
Placebo
(n=75)
|
Total Sample
(n=150)
|
|
Mean (SD) Total Serum Cholesterol
|
185.0 (24.5)
|
204.3 (21.8)
|
194.7 (23.2)
|
|
% Patients with Total Cholesterol < 200
|
78.0%
|
65.0%
|
71.5%
|
4. A study is run comparing HDL cholesterol levels between men who exercise regularly and those who do not. The data are shown below.
|
Regular Exercise
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std Dev
|
|
Yes
|
35
|
48.5
|
12.5
|
|
No
|
120
|
56.9
|
11.9
|
Generate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean HDL levels between men who exercise regularly and those who do not.
5. The following table shows the distribution of BMI in children living in US and European urban neighborhoods. (The data are in millions.)
|
Neighborhood
|
Normal Weight
|
Overweight
|
Obese
|
|
US
|
125
|
50
|
40
|
|
Europe
|
101
|
42
|
21
|
What proportion of children living in a US urban neighborhood is overweight?
6. The following table shows the distribution of BMI in children living in US and European urban neighborhoods. (The data are in millions.)
|
Neighborhood
|
Normal Weight
|
Overweight
|
Obese
|
|
US
|
125
|
50
|
40
|
|
Europe
|
101
|
42
|
21
|
What proportion of children is overweight?
7. The following table shows the numbers of patients classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese according to their diabetes status.
|
|
Underweight
|
Normal Weight
|
Overweight
|
Obese
|
|
Diabetes
|
8
|
34
|
65
|
43
|
|
No Diabetes
|
12
|
85
|
93
|
40
|
What proportion of patients is overweight?
8. What is the best type of graph to display the following data?
|
Gender
|
Cigarettes per day
|
|
Female
|
45
|
|
Male
|
20
|
|
Female
|
30
|
|
Female
|
40
|
|
Male
|
90
|
|
Male
|
50
|
|
Male
|
20
|
|
Male
|
23
|
|
Female
|
9
|
9. What is the best type of graph to display the following data?
Duration of hospital stay:
5, 10, 6, 11, 5, 14, 30, 11, 17, 3, 9, 3
10. What is the best type of graph to display the following data?
GDP per capita fertility rate
3432.0224 3.783
6882.4069 4.026
678.99817 4.508
3623.5324 2.338
5741.2071 1.399
35477.473 1.43
47548.688 2.04
691.36909 2.3
19858.343 1.45
39152.308 1.994
2942.4385 3.221
14623.479 2.175
4387.7071 2.436
84732.957 1.52
3928.8789 2.546
1455.1022 2.479
24646.021 2.644
3056.1185 2.735