Antibodies:
A. Consist of 2 heavy chains & 2 light chains held together by disulfide bonds.
B. Can be used to detect proteins associated with their subcellular structures in living cells by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy.
C. Cannot be used to affinity purify proteins because antigen-antibody complexes cannot be dissociated without denaturing the antigen.
D. Cannot recognize an epitope as small as a single phosphorylated amino acid.
E. (a) (b) (c) and (d)
Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes:
A. A fluorescently tagged primary antibody that binds by its Fc region to an epitope on its corresponding antigen.
B. A fluorescently tagged primary antibody that binds by its CDR to an epitope on its corresponding antigen.
C. A fluorescently tagged secondary antibody that binds by its CDR to the Fc region of a primary antibody bound by its CDR to an epitope on its corresponding antigen.
D. A fluorescently tagged secondary antibody that binds by its Fc region to the CDR of a primary antibody bound by its Fc region to an epitope on its corresponding antigen.
E. A GFP-tagged protein that is directly visualized in a living cell.
How would you examine the localization of a chimeric GFP-fusion protein in a living cell using an epifluorescence microscope? The λexcite for GFP is 395 nm & λemission is 509 nm.
A. Just view the cell at 395 nm as GFP is self-fluorescing.
B. Just view the cell at 509 nm as GFP is self-fluorescing.
C. Irradiate or illuminate the cell at 395 nm & view it at 509 nm.
D. Irradiate or illuminate the cell at 509 nm & view it at 395 nm.
The masses (kDa = kilodaltons) & protein:lipid ratios of three human plasma lipid transport particles are:
VLDL (very low density lipoprotein particle) ~10 kDa; 1:100
LDL (low density lipoprotein particle) ~2 kDa; 25:100
HDL (high density lipoprotein particle) ~0.2 kDa; 90:100
Based on this information, which two methods could be effectively used in combination to separate these three different lipid transport particles from each other?
A. Equilibrium density-gradient sedimentation and LC/MS-MS
B. Equilibrium density-gradient sedimentation and ion exchange chromatography
C. Gel filtration chromatography and differential centrifugation
D. Differential centrifugation and equilibrium density-gradient sedimentation.
E. Equilibrium density-gradient sedimentation and gel filtration chromatography