1. Catarrhal stage with fever, sneezing, vomiting, and mild cough; paroxysmal stage with ropy mucus and violent cough; convalescent stage with mild cough
- Whooping cough
- Classic pneumonia
- Legionnaires' disease
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Respirator syncytial virus infection
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Acute respiratory disease
- Histoplasmosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
2. Inflammation of bronchi or alveoli of lungs with fluid accumulation and fever
- Whooping cough
- Classic pneumonia
- Legionnaires' disease
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Acute respiratory disease
- Histoplasmosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
3. Tubercles in lungs and sometimes in other tissues; organisms can persist in walled-off lesions and be reactivated
- Whooping cough
- Classic pneumonia
- Legionnaires' disease
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Acute respiratory disease
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
4. Febrile disease of the respiratory tract; can cause viral pneumonia
- Whooping cough
- Classic pneumonia
- Legionnaires' disease
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Acute respiratory disease
- Histoplasmosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
5. Allergic asthmatic response to inhalation of spores or invasive infection of lung; fungal balls can cause asphyxiation
- Whooping cough
- Classic pneumonia
- Legionnaires' disease
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Acute respiratory disease
- Histoplasmosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
Section: Multiple Choice
6. Which of the following is NOT a nonspecific defense mechanism associated with the respiratory tract?
- Epiglottis
- Mucus
- Mucociliary escalator
- Phagocytes
- None of the above
7. To cause disease, Corynebacterium diptheriae must ________
- produce a hemolysin.
- create a pseudomembrance.
- be infected with a lysogenic, toxin-producing bacteriophage.
- invade the bloodstream.
- become club-shaped.
8. The majority of patients with sore throats have a viral infection of the pharynx.
9. Which of the following respiratory infections CANNOT be treated with antimicrobial drugs?
- Atypical pneumonia
- Q Fever
- Otitis media
- Common cold
- Tuberculosis
10. Development of a vaccine against rhinoviruses is difficult because ________
- they are resistant to antibiotics.
- they are resistant to low pH.
- there are many different, antigenically diverse strains.
- rhinoviruses are resistant to immune system defenses.
- rhinoviruses replicate at a very high rate.
11. Which of the following is true of croup?
- Croup causes severe obstruction of the larynx.
- Croup causes an inflamed and enlarged epiglottis.
- Croup is a parainfluenza virus.
- Croup is a childhood disease.
- All of the above
12. Violent coughing is usually observed during which stage of whooping cough?
- Primary stage
- Pneumotic stage
- Paroxysmal stage
- Catarrhal stage
- Convalescence stage
13. Cyanosis is caused when ________
- there is too little oxygen in the blood.
- a patient has become septicemic.
- dehydration occurs.
- diptheria toxin enters the bloodstream.
- coughing causes hemorrhaging.
14. Penicillins have no effect on Mycoplasma pneumoniae because ________
- mycoplasmas are viruses.
- mycoplasmas possess beta lactamases.
- mycoplasmas are too small.
- mycoplasmas are eukaryotes.
- mycoplasmas lack cell walls.
15. Legionella pneumophila is usually transmitted by ________
- direct contact.
- fomites.
- food.
- blood.
- aerosols.
16. How many cases of tuberculosis are reported globally each year?
- 10
- 10,000
- 100,000
- 3 million
- 10 million
17. Mycobacteria are difficult to Gram stain, and are termed "acid-fast" due to their ________
- ability to survive in acidic conditions.
- resistance to drying.
- thick, waxy cell walls.
- resistance to sunlight.
- lack of a peptidoglycan layer.
18. What is the DPT immunization for?
- Diptheria, parainfluenza, tetanus
- Dermatomycoses, Pontiac fever, tuberculosis
- Diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
- Dermatomycoses, pertussis, tetanus
- Diptheria, pneumonia, tetanus
19. Antigenic shifts in influenza viruses are represented by dramatic changes in the viral antigens. It is likely they arise from rare events in which ________
- two different influenza viruses infect a cell at the same time.
- lysogenic conversion of two separate viruses occurs.
- two viruses conjugate.
- mutations accumulate.
- All of the above
20. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is ________
- associated with inhalation of dried feces and urine of carrier rodents.
- a syndrome that has only been reported in Africa and Latin America.
- transmitted by the bite of a rodent carrying the virus.
- attributed to rats but not mice.
- preventable by vaccination.
Section: Matching
21. Infects the pharynx and produces a systemic toxin
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans
22. Causes the majority of cases of lobar pneumonia
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans
23. Causes primary atypical pneumonia
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans
24. Fungus present in chicken-impacted soil and bat guano
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans
25. Yeast that causes a mild respiratory infection that can spread to meninges
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Cryptococcus neoformans