Assume Eve has captured a message from Alice, and that she knows it is an encrypted salary figure in the range 10,000 to 1,000,000. Further assume the figure is encrypted with Bob's public key using a direct implementation of the RSA algorithm (i.e., no PKCS). How can Eve can learn what the encrypted figure is?
Also explain in detail how PKCS (Public-Key Cryptography Standard), when combined with the RSA algorithm, can thwart Eve's attempt at discovering the encrypted figure.