Behaviors may be classified as abnormal if they _____
cause emotional distress.
are eccentric.
bother other people a lot.
are odd.
Sammy is so anxious about going to school that he throws up every morning and cries all the way there. Once at school, he shakes and is often tearful with anxiety. Which of the following is correct?
Sammy just needs to get used to school.
This is abnormal because school does not normally cause this level of distress.
This is abnormal because in our culture kids like school.
This is abnormal because boys do not get this emotional.
Jose is fifteen years old. He is very moody. Little disappointments get him very upset and he seems depressed by them. His hours of sleep are irregular and he has trouble falling asleep before midnight. Sometimes he has outbursts of temper that seem irrational. Which of the following is correct?
Jose probably has early onset of a mood disorder.
Jose is on the path to behavior problems and possible legal troubles.
Jose's behaviors are not unusual for his age, so he should not be casually diagnosed.
Jose should be hospitalized for observation to make sure he is safe.
An advantage of using one diagnostic manual is that _____
we can easily label sick people.
we have a common language to discuss mental illnesses.
lay people can't understand everything we say.
we know how much to charge clients.
The category of mental disorder with the highest prevalence is _____ disorders.
mood
psychotic
attention deficit
anxiety
Barbara and Jeffrey are both psychologists. Barbara believes that biology is the sole cause for psychological disorders. Jeffrey believes that while biology plays a large role, psychological and social factors should also be considered. Barbara practices from the _____ perspective, whereas Jeffrey practices from the _____ perspective.
biopsychosocial; cognitive
learning; cognitive
psychodynamic; learning
biological; biopsychosocial
The _____ perspective views abnormal behavior as arising from faulty thinking or distorted perceptions.
biopsychosocial
learning
psychodynamic
cognitive
_____ is characterized by an intense fear of being in a situation from which escape is not possible or in which help would not be available if one experienced overwhelming anxiety or a panic attack.
Hypochondriasis
Major depressive disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Agoraphobia
To which of the following disorders can the addition of agoraphobia be attached?
somatoform disorder
major depressive disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
panic disorder
Steve experienced what his psychologist termed a manic episode last year. Though he recovered and continues to take medication, he has been feeling terribly depressed lately. He cannot seem to eat or sleep and has been entertaining thoughts of suicide. He cannot seem to "snap out if it" no matter what he tries. Steve seems to fit the criteria for _____
a mood disorder.
dependent personality disorder.
social phobia.
somatoform disorder.
_____ uses psychological rather than biological means to treat psychological disorders.
Insight therapy
Rational emotive behavior therapy
Psychopharmacology
Psychotherapy
The psychoanalytic technique of _____ is used to explore the unconscious by having patients reveal whatever thoughts, feelings, or images come to mind.
dream analysis
exposure and response prevention
free association
resistance
Zn's therapist notices that Zin changes the topic whenever her mother is brought up. Additionally, when her mother is brought up, Zin is always late to her next therapy session. Zin is demonstrating the phenomenon Freud labeled _____
transference.
free association.
aversion therapy.
resistance.
Which type of therapist bases his/her therapy on the notion that the emotional features of early relationships become the blueprint for future relationships?
behavioral therapist
humanistic therapist
object relations therapist
cognitive therapist
A brief psychotherapy designed to help people with depression better understand and cope with problems relating to their interpersonal relationships defines _____
behavior therapy.
humanistic therapy.
biomedical therapy.
interpersonal therapy (IPT).
Which of the following is a basic assumption of humanistic therapies?
Individuals have learned maladaptive behavior through various forms of conditioning.
People need to be directed in therapy in order for it to be fully effective.
Childhood experiences, especially traumas, greatly impact psychological development.
People have the ability and freedom to lead rational lives and make rational choices.
_____ is any type of psychotherapy in which the therapist allows the direction of the therapy session to be controlled by the client.
Rational emotive behavior therapy
Nondirective therapy
Psychoanalysis
Directive therapy
The goal of gestalt therapy is to _____
uncover sexual and aggressive impulses buried deep within the mind.
help the person get back on the path of self-actualization.
modify maladaptive behaviors.
help clients achieve a more integrated self and become more self-accepting and authentic.
Anya provides therapy to her clients in a very straightforward manner. She decides what course the sessions will take and offers advice and suggestions when she feels it is necessary. What type of therapy does Anya likely provide?
exposure and response prevention
a token economy
humanistic therapy
directive therapy
_____ utilizes the principles of operant conditioning, classical conditioning, and/or observational learning to eliminate inappropriate and maladaptive behaviors.
A self-help group
Humanistic therapy
Psychoanalysis
Behavior therapy