Question 1. Your evaluation of a new political candidate may best be described as a(n) ____ while your overall political ideology may better be described as a(n) _____.
A. ideology; value
B. value; attitude
C. attitude; value.
D. both refer to attitudes
Question 2. Individuals' attitudes are __________ predictors of their behavior.
A. weak
B. very strong
C. somewhat strong
D. perfect
Question 3. Nathan started attending KKK meetings when he saw some of his African-American neighbors getting better jobs than him. Which of the following theories best explains Nathan's negative attitudes toward African Americans?
A. social distance theory
B. symbolic interaction
C. Blumer's theory of group position
D. status construction theory
Question 4. Recent research using the Bogardus social distance scale shows which group to be most "distant" among American students?
A. African Americans
B. Latinos
C. Asians
D. Arabs
Question 5. LaPiere's study of prejudice clearly showed that
A. most people have some prejudice
B. most people act on their prejudices.
C. most people do not act on their prejudices
D. both a and c
Question 6. Overall, American political attitudes lean on being
A. very conservative.
B. moderately conservative.
C. moderately liberal
D. very liberal.
Question 7. Based on status construction theory, what would be the best way to get what you want out of a group and leave a positive impression?
A. Act like a very nice person.
B. Act like a generous person.
C. Act like a majority member of society.
D. Act like a high-status person.
Question 8. Willer's research showing presidential approval ratings increasing after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the U.S. clearly showed
A. in-group bias tendencies.
B. out-group bias tendencies.
C. prejudicial biases.
D. ideological alliances.
Question 9. Equal status, shared goals, group interaction and authority supporting the group are all part of what hypothesis?
A. social contact hypothesis
B. group contact hypothesis
C. team-building hypothesis
D. status construction
Question 10. Based on Thoit's treatment of emotions, which of the following is NOT a dimension of emotion?
A. situational cues
B. physiological changes
C. an arousal
D. an emotion label
Question 11. The moment that society gives meaning to an emotion it becomes a:
A. sentiment
B. feeling
C. mood
D. affect
Question 12. Which of the following would be considered a primary emotion?
A. anger
B. fear
C. depression
D. all of the above are primary emotions
Question 13. Which theory examines the role of emotions in identity processes?
A. identity theory
B. affect control theory
C. dramaturgy
D. emotional management theory
Question 14. According to Scheff, which of the following emotions is essential to making people follow the rules of society?
A. anger
B. excitement
C. happiness
D. shame
Question 15. Zurcher's concept of emotional scripts most closely resembles what other concept reviewed in this chapter?
A. emotion rules
B. emotional energy
C. feeling rules
D. sentiment
Question 16. Based on Lofland's analysis of the role of culture in the expression of grief in society, which of the following places would have the hardest time coping with the loss of a child?
A. modern day America
B. modern day Europe
C. modern day Ethiopia
D. both a and b
Question 17. Swidler's research on love in American culture revealed what?
A. Americans find it hard to fall in love.
B. Americans initiate relationships based on a mythical view of emotional bonding between lovers.
C. Americans use a more realistic view of love to sustain relationships on a day-to-day basis.
D. both b and c
Question 18. According to exchange theory and research, which of the following situations is most likely to produce a positive emotion?
A. An exchange in which people get the amount equal to their position in the group
B. An exchange in which you get as much as you gave.
C. An exchange in which you get less than you gave.
D. All of these exchanges will produce a positive emotion.
Question 19. Arlie Russell Hochschild, distinguishes between the following three techniques of emotion work:
A. cognitive, communicative, and non-communicative
B. facial, communicative, and non-communicative
C. cognitive, bodily, and expressive
D. none of the above
Question 20. Sharp (2010) argues that prayer helps individuals manage negative emotions because it provides an imaginary social support interaction that provides:
A. someone to express emotions or interact with during trying times
B. positive reflected appraisals
C. an exemplar to imitate
D. all of the above