1. A study was conducted to explore the relationship between a child's birth order and his or her chances of becoming a juvenile delinquent. The subjects included a random sample of girls enrolled in public high schools in a large city. Each subject filled out a questionnaire that measured whether or not they had shown delinquent behavior, and their birth order. The data are given in the table below.
The value of the X 2 statistic for this data is 21.236. The P-value is
A. less than 0.0005.
B. between 0.0005 and 0.001.
C. between 0.001 and 0.0025.
2. Could mud-wrestling be the cause of a rash contracted by University of Washington students in the spring of 1992? Two physicians at the University of Washington health center wondered this when one male and six female students complained of rashes after participating in a mud-wrestling event. Questionnaires were sent to students in the residence halls that participated in the event. The questionnaire asked about the appearance of a rash and about attendance at the mud-wrestling event. The results, by gender, are summarized in the following table.
The Minitab output for the above table is given below and includes the cell counts, the expected cell counts, and the chi-square statistic. Expected counts are printed below observed counts.
ChiSq = 1.096 + 2.284 + 0.526 + 1.096 = 5.002
Suppose we wish to test the null hypothesis that there are no differences among the proportion of men and women who developed a rash. The P-value of the chi-square test of this hypothesis is
A. greater than 0.10.
B. between 0.10 and 0.05.
C. below 0.05.