1 on a cold dry morning after a frost the temperature was -

Question

1.) On a cold, dry morning after a frost, the temperature was - 5 ^oC and the partial pressure of water in the atmosphere fell to 2.0 Torr. Will the frost sublime? What partial pressure of water would ensure that the frost remained?

2.) Calculate the vapor pressure of a spherical droplet of water of radius 10 nm at 20 ^oC.   The vapor pressure of bulk water at that temperature is 2.3 kPa and its density is 0.9982 g cm^-3.

3.) Show that, for a transition between two imcompressible solid phases, DG is independent of the pressure.

4.) Calculate the difference in slope of the chemical potential against temperature on either side of (a) the normal freezing point of water and (b) the normal boiling point of water.  (c) By how much does the chemical potential of water supercooled to - 5.0 ^oC exceed that of ice at that temperature?

5.) Napthalene, C₁₀H₈, melts at 80.2 ^oC.  If the vapor pressure of the liquid is 10 Torr at 85.8 ^oC and 40 Torr at 119.3 ^oC, use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to calculate (a) the enthalpy of vaporization, (b) the normal boiling point and (c) the enthalpy of vaporization at the boiling point.

Extra credit:

Calculate the time it takes to cook a "3 minute" egg if you are living or camping at 11,000 ft. elevation (on Earth).

Answer 1

By implementing basics of Chemistry, provide a solution paper solving each part illustrated below. Q1. On a cold, dry morning subsequent to a frost, the temperature was -5 oC and the partial pressure of water in atmosphere drop to 2.0 Torr. Will the frost sublime? Illustrate what partial pressure of water would make sure that the frost remained? Q2. Compute the vapor pressure of the spherical droplet of water of radius 10 nm at 20 oC. The vapor-pressure of volume water at that temperature is 2.3 kPa and its density is 0.9982 g cm-3. Q3. Illustrate that, for a transition between two incompressible solid phases, DG is independent of the pressure. Q4. Compute the difference in slope of the chemical potential against the temperature on either side of (i) normal freezing point of water (ii) normal boiling point of water (iii) By how much does the chemical potential of water super-cooled to -5.0 oC surpass that of ice at that temperature?