1. Air enters a horizontal, well-insulated nozzle operating at steady state at 12 bar, 500K, with a velocity of 50 m/s and exits at 7 bar, 440 K. The mass flow rate is 1 kg/s. Determine the net force, in N, exerted by the air on the duct in the direction of flow.
2. Using the ideal gas model, determine the sonic velocity of
(a) air at 608F.
(b) oxygen (O2) at 9008R.
(c) argon at 5408R.
3. A flash of lightning is sighted and 3 seconds later thunder is heard. Approximately how far away was the lightning strike?
4. Using data from Table A-4, estimate the sonic velocity, in m/s, of steam of 60 bar, 3608C. Compare the result with the value predicted by the ideal gas model.
5. Plot the Mach number of carbon dioxide at 1 bar, 460 m/s, as a function of temperature in the range 250 to 1000 K.
6. An ideal gas flows through a duct. At a particular location, the temperature, pressure, and velocity are known. Determine the Mach number, stagnation temperature, in 8R, and the stagnation pressure, in lbf/in.2, for
(a) air at 3108F, 100 lbf/in.2, and a velocity of 1400 ft/s.
(b) helium at 5208R, 20 lbf/in.2, and a velocity of 900 ft/s.
(c) nitrogen at 6008R, 50 lbf/in.2, and a velocity of 500 ft/s.