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what do you mean by system callssystem calls give the interface among a process and the operating system when a system call is implemented it is
what are privileged instructionssome of the machine instructions that may cause harm to a system are designated as privileged instructions the
what is real time systema real time system has well explained fixed time constraints processing must be done within the explained constraints or the
differentiate tightly coupled systems and loosely coupled systemsloosely coupled systems- every processor has its own local memory every
what is graceful degradationin multiprocessor systems failure of single processor will not halt the system but only slow it down by sharing the work
what are batch systemsbatch systems are quite appropriate for implementing large jobs that need little interaction the user can submit jobs and
what is the kernela more common explanation is that the os is the one program running at all times on the computer usually known as the kernel
what is an operating systeman operating system is a program that manages the computer hardware it acts as an intermediate among users of a computer
what is the function of iom signal in the 8085it is a status signal it is used to differentiate among memory locations and io operations when this
what is an operandthe data on which the operation is to be performed is known as an
mention the purpose of sid and sod lines sid serial input data lineit is an input line by which the microprocessor accepts serial datasod serial
what are the functions of an accumulatorthe accumulator is the register associated with the alu operations and sometimes io operations it is an
describe queries with complex typesthe present extension of the sql query language deal with the complex typelet us start with the simple examplefind
what are the types of referenceexplain it with suitable examplesobject oriented language given the ability to refer the object attribute of the type
what is inheritance define it in detail inheritance inheritance can be at the levels of types or at the level of tables we first consider
explain nested relationsnested relationsthe assumption of inf is a natural one in the bank examples we have consideredhowever not all applications
write short notes on data ware housingdata ware housing applications needs the transformation of data from many sources into a cohesive reliable step
explain concurrency controlconcurrency controloracles multiversion concurrency control varies from the concurrency mechanism used by some other data
briefly describe concurrency executionlock - based protocolslocksthere are several modes in which a data item may be locked in this section we
write short notes on transaction statea transaction may not always complete its implementation successfully such a transaction is termed aborteda
what is serializability explain its typesthe data base system must control concurrent implementation of transactions to ensure that the data base
describe log based recoverythe most usably structure for recording data base modification is the log the log is a sequence of log records recording
what is magnetic disksexplain itmagnetic disk provides the bulk of secondary storage of modern computer system the disk capacity is growing at over
explain hash file organizationhash functionsa the distribution is uniformhash functions assign each bucket the similar number of search -key values
write short notes on index structure of filesthere are two basic parts of indices1 ordered indices2 hash indicesevery technique must