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explain the term- congestionthe average queue size over the last cycle and the current cycle is calculated this value is the threshold by averaging
enumerate about the traffic policingtraffic policing happens when a flow of data is regulated so that cells or frames or packets that exceed a
explain the forward congestion avoidance processnotifies the user that congestion avoidance process should be initiated where applicable for traffic
state the congestion avoidance processnotifies the source that congestion avoidance process should be initiated where applicable for traffic in the
what is explicit congestion signallingin general way for explicit congestion avoidance the network alerts end systems to growing congestion within
define choke packet and implicit congestion signallingchoke packet a choke packet is a control packet produced at a congested node and transmitted
explain the technique- backpressurethis technique produces an effect same to backpressure in fluids flowing down a pipe it includes link-by-link use
determine about unique least-cost pathif there is a unique least-cost path the two algorithms will yield the similar result because they are both
illustrate the bellman-ford algorithmthe bellman-ford algorithm uses only on information from its neighbours and knowledge of its link costs to
explain the cost of a path between two nodesgiven a network of nodes linked by bidirectional links where every link has a cost associated with it in
state the disadvantages of adaptive routing process 1 the routing decision is more difficult thus the processing burden on network nodes enhances2
what are the advantages of adaptive routing 1 an adaptive routing method can improve performance as realised by the network user2 an adaptive
describe the static routing process a static routing method does not adapt to changing conditions on the network but uses a fixed method developed
state about the tables- dbmsdata is stored in columns and rows much like a spreadsheet -main difference is how data is organised every row in a table
automatic data capturethere are numerous techniques available to collect data automatically without the need for manual entry manual entry is slower
illustrate the introduction to flowchartsthis mainly covers four areas1 common flow chart symbols2 writing flowcharts to solve problems3 dry running
how can you create the new system system is to be computerised following will be
what are the problems held while creating system flowchart 1 a company selling cds and dvds presently uses a paper-based manual system to keep
what are the toolsused in system analystsystems analyst have numerous tools to help them in carrying out their work as many of their projects are for
explain the term- system maintenance update hardware as new items come on market or company changes in any way which requires new devices to be
state the working of system evaluation compare final solution with original requirement identify any limitations in system identify any necessary
state the technique pilot used in software engineeringwith this approach new system is introduced into one part of the company for example into one
determine the technique - parallel with this approach old and new systems are run together for a time - if new system goes down for any reason
define the method of direct changeover with this technique old system is stopped and new system is used straight away - this method can be
what is boundary data- test dataextremeboundary data - this is data at the limits of validityacceptability for instance if a date is being input