Recovering of -etc-passwd file and -etc-shadow file

Question

How to recover /etc/passwd file and /etc/shadow file?

Answer 1

In that case you have to recover /etc/passwd file primary. For this you need to follow these steps,

• Begin GRUB on boot (press ESC whereas booting)
• Press e over (recovery mode)
•  Press e over the line starting along with kernel
• Press Space bar & enter "init=/bin/bash"
• Press enter
• Press b
• At command prompt type: "cp /etc/passwd- /etc/passwd"
• reboot to GRUB again
• Press e over (recovery mode)
• Press e over the line beginning with kernel
• Press Space bar and enter "init=/bin/bash"
• Press enter
• Press b
• At command prompt type "mount -o remount,rw /"
• Type "passwd YOURUSERNAMEHERE" (IF you don't know your user name type "ls /home" (that is a Lower case and lower case S) for a list of users)
• Enter new password at prompt

• reboot to normal boot.

### Then to recover /etc/shadow file, Employ following command pwconf

This command will produce /etc/shadow file from /etc/passwd