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Physical procedure via which gas exchange is achieved

Explain the physical procedure via which gas exchange is achieved in the pulmonary alveoli?

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The gas exchange (that is, entry of oxygen and exit of carbon-dioxide) in the pulmonary alveoli takes place by simple diffusion in favor of partial pressure gradient. Whenever the oxygen partial pressure in the inhaled air is greater than the oxygen partial pressure of capillaries of the alveoli the air diffuses to the circulatory system. When the oxygen partial pressure in the air is lower (that is, a rare condition as the blood which reaches the alveoli is venous blood) the oxygen exits the circulatory system. The similar is true for carbon-dioxide.

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