PCR and its working

Question

What is PCR and explain its working?

Answer 1

PCR, polymerase chain reaction, refers to the method which synthesizes several copies of the specific regions of DNA molecule called as target-regions.

First, DNA to be tested gets heated causing in the double helix to burst and the polynucleotide chains to get exposed. Then the small synthetic sequences of the DNA called as the primers and consisting of nucleotide sequences same as that of the sequences of extremities of the region to be studied are added. The primers that are paired along with the original DNA in extremities of the gene to be amplified. Enzymes termed as polymerases, which catalyze the DNA replication, and the nucleotide supply is added. The primers then are completed and chosen region is replicated. In presence of the more primers and more nucleotides millions of copies of that specific region are produced.