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Human visual system where photoreceptor cells are situated

Name the part of the human visual system, where the receptors which sense light, that is, the photoreceptor cells, are situated? How do such cells work?

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The photoreceptor cells build the retina, a lamina which covers the internal posterior area of the eyeball. The photosensitive cells of retina are classified into two types: the cone cells and rod cells. Such cells have pigments which sense specific light wave ranges (or frequencies) and trigger action potentials conducted by the optical nerves to visual region of the brain.

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