Fundamental structure of HIV virus
What is the fundamental structure of HIV virus? Explain the function of glycoproteins of its envelope?
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The HIV is an RNA virus. In its core there are two strands of RNA and reverse transcriptase molecules. The core is enclosed by a capsid, a layer of proteins. The capsid then is enclosed by an envelope containing glycoproteins and lipids.
The glycoproteins of HIV envelope are situated on the outer surface of the virus and they are accountable for the recognition of cells to be infected (that is, the HIV host cell is the CD4 lymphocyte) and for the adhesion of virus to the cell membrane. (That is, CD4 is a receptor glycoprotein of the outer membrane of certain lymphocytes).
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