Which of the following statements about kaizen costing is

Question

Problem:

1. Which of the following statements about Kaizen costing is false?

1. Cost reduction targets are set and applied on an annual basis.
2. Cost reductions apply to all variable costs.
3. Workers are assumed to have the best knowledge to improve processes and reduce costs.
4. Cost-variance analysis compares target kaizen costs with actual cost reduction amounts.

2. During the ___________ cycle, 80% to 85% of a product's total life costs are committed by decisions made in that cycle.

1. Manufacturing
2. Operating
3. Research, development, and engineering
4. Post-sale service and disposal.

3. Which of the following is not an outcome provided by budgeting?

1. An ethical framework for decision making.
2. A means to communicate the organization's short-term goals to its members.
3. A means to anticipate problems.
4. Support for the management functions of planning and coordination.

Additional Information:

This multiple questions belong to the Finance. The 1^st question discusses about statements of Kaizen on costing. The 2^nd question is about the stage in which total life cost decisions and 3^rd question discusses about which is not the outcome provided by budgeting.