Test whether there is significant change using Paired t-test.
There is some evidence that men have an enzyme that begins to metabolize alcohol in the stomach. Women have lower levels of the enzyme, which means that alcohol passes directly through the stomach and into the bloodstream. Consequently, women have a stronger reaction to alcohol and are affected more quickly (Lieber, 1990). To evaluate this phenomenon, a re-searcher obtains a sample of n = 10 men and a corresponding sample of n = 10 women. Each individual is tested on a driving simulator task to measure mental alertness. Then, equivalent doses of alcohol are given to each participant (adjusting for body weight), and driving simulator test is repeated 30 minutes later.
a. For the sample of men, performance on the simulator task declined by an average of 2.9 points with s = 4.1. Is this a statistically significant change? Make use of a two-tailed test with = .05.
b. For the women, performance declined by an average of = 6.4 points with s = 5.2. Is this a statistically significant change? Utilize a two-tailed test with = .05.