Module Assignment- Outcomes: ONE- AND TWO-SAMPLE TESTS
• Module
o Distinguish between one-sample and two-sample populations.
o Distinguish between and calculate one-sample and two-sample tests for categorical and continuous variables.
• Case
o Discuss one-sample and two-sample tests used routinely to analyze categorical and continuous variables in a study.
o Distinguish the three types of t-tests.
• SLP
o Analyze chi-square and t-tests for categorical and continuous variables from a data set.
o Examine chi-square and t-test results in an appropriate table.
• Discussion
o Discuss how bias may affect how data are presented and interpreted.
Module - Case: ONE- AND TWO-SAMPLE TESTS
Case Assignment
Using the materials in the module homepage and in the background section, please address the following:
1. Define and describe commonly used statistics for categorical and continuous variables to test for a statistically significant difference between two-samples or measures (e.g., chi-square, t-tests, binomial proportions, etc.). (1 page)
2. What is the difference between the one-sample t-test, the two-sample t-test, and the paired-sample t-test? (1 page)
3. Describe a type of study for each of these three types of t-tests, as well as the variable that is analyzed with each of the three forms of the t-test. (1 page)
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case Assignment should be at least 3 pages (750 words) in length.
References: At least two references from academic sources must be included (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). You may use any required readings from this module for your two references. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be enclosed in quotes. The references should be cited within the text and listed at the end of the assignment in the References section (APA formatting recommended).
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to each question.
Your assignment will not be graded until you have submitted an Originality Report with a Similarity Index (SI) score <20% (excluding direct quotes, quoted assignment instructions, and references). Papers not meeting this requirement by the end of the session will receive a score of 0 (grade of F). Do keep in mind that papers with a lower SI score may be returned for revisions. For example, if one paragraph accounting for only 10% of a paper is cut and pasted, the paper could be returned for revision, despite the low SI score. Please use the report and your SI score as a guide to improve the originality of your work.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
• Achievement of learning outcomes for Case Assignment.
• Relevance: all content is connected to the question.
• Precision: specific question is addressed; statements, facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
• Depth of discussion: points that lead to deeper issues are presented and integrated.
• Breadth: multiple perspectives, references, and issues/factors are considered.
• Evidence: points are well supported with facts, statistics, and references.
• Logic: presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
• Clarity: writing is concise, understandable, and contains sufficient detail or examples.
• Objectivity: use of first person and subjective bias are avoided.
Module - Home: ONE- AND TWO-SAMPLE TESTS
Modular Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this module, the student will be able to satisfy the following outcomes:
• Case
o Discuss one-sample and two-sample tests used routinely to analyze categorical and continuous variables in a study.
o Distinguish the three types of t-tests.
• SLP
o Analyze chi-square and t-tests for categorical and continuous variables from a data set.
o Examine chi-square and t-test results in an appropriate table.
• Discussion
o Discuss how bias may affect how data are presented and interpreted.
Module Overview
The appropriate statistical test depends on the variable. Univariate analysis looks at whether there are statistically significant differences for one variable in a study population (e.g., gender, age, race, etc.) by outcome or disease status (e.g., are there more men with diabetes versus women, etc.). Multivariate analysis looks at how more than one variable might vary by outcome or disease status in combination (e.g., a regression model). In this module, the univariate methods will be examined.
Categorical and binary data most commonly use the chi-square test and the test of binomial proportions, respectively. For continuous data, the t-test is most often reported. When comparing the mean of a variable in a study to a known or hypothesized value, the one-sample t-test is used. A paired sample t-test is used to compare before-after values (e.g., BMI before and after an exercise intervention), or other paired data. When comparing two populations, a two-sample t-test is used for statistical analysis.
Required readings for the module will cover different statistical tests so appropriate planning can be done for data collection to answer a research question.
DISCUSSION 2: Bias
How might bias be introduced in the way descriptive statistics are presented? Describe one controversial "case" of disease that has used statistics to argue a point.
Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
1. The answer should be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
2. The response also includes a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
3. Also include a reference page. The Citations and references should follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.
Attachment:- Module-CASE.rar