Assignment
Special Note: Now that you have created Terry's financial statements, we are going to simplify things just abit. Basically, we are going to remove the full COGS calculation and just show one line for COGS (like most companies do in their 10-k). Rather than ask you to redo your work, you will find a template on our course website in the Chapter 7 folder. Please download the template and use it as the basis for the rest of your project.
Goal:
To practice factoring accounts receivable, and to observe the effects of factoring on the three main financial statements. (See Topic Guides A 10, 37, 38).
Information:
During December, Terry's management decided to factor part of its accounts receivable in order to get some additional cash and to eliminate the time and effort involved in collecting their delinquent accounts.
After some negotiations, Terry's CFO made a deal with the First National Collections Bank. First National will buy 85% of Terry's accounts receivable, without recourse. The bank will charge a 2.0% financing charge for the transaction and will hold 6.0% of the A/R being sold to cover any returns and discounts that may occur after the sale. Upon reviewing the accounts being sold, Terry's collections officers believe that 10.0% of these accounts might default. The deal was completed on December 31st, but has not yet been included in the financial statements.
Terry's management would like to know the effect of the sale on the following ratios:
• Quick Ratio ([Cash + Cash Equivalents + net A/R] / Current Liabilities)
• Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio (Net Sales / Average net A/R)
• Current Ratio
• ROA
Task
Calculations
1. Calculate each of the four ratios before you make any adjustments.
2. Make the appropriate journal entries, if any, to account for the factoring of A/R (including any necessary changes to income tax expense).
3. Make any necessary changes to the financial statements.
4. Calculate the four ratios after you make any adjustments.
Critical Thinking
5. What do you think the investors' reaction will be to management's decision to factor A/R? In other words, based on your changes to the financial statements and the changes in the ratios, do you think investors will be happy with the decision? Why or why not?
6. After the sale, you looked through the remaining receivables and noticed that the accounts sold to FNB were not the oldest accounts but the riskiest accounts, especially those with a history of defaults and slow payments. In going back through the notes of the sale, you can't find any evidence that Terry's management warned the bank that they were getting this high risk group. In discussing your findings with your manager, you were told that it was standard industry practice to shift the worst accounts to factors, while keeping the best customers to maintain good relationships with those customers. Do you agree with this logic? Defend your answer.
Hints:
1. Don't change Bad Debt Expense. That was appropriately recorded based on the company's credit sales.
2. Remember that if you close a percentage of A/R, you will also need to close that percentage of the Allowance for Bad Debt.
3. If you are using my solutions as your template, any changes that need to be made to Income Tax Expense will be calculated automatically, as will many of the changes to the Statement of Cash Flows. However, the changes in Income Tax Payable are NOT automatic!
4. The sale of A/R will not affect the cash flow from customers, so you will need to manually readjust the Change in A/R in your statement of cash flows to be the same as it was before the sale.
5. You will need to add two line items somewhere in the Statement of Cash Flows.
However, they won't be the changes to any new balance sheet accounts you may have created. They will be other items.
6. It is usually up to the individual analyst to decide whether or not to include the from' account when calculating the financial ratios. In this case, the company has decided that you should include ‘Due from' as part of accounts receivable.
Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
1. The answer should be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
2. The response also includes a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
3. Also include a reference page. The Citations and references should follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.