Double Layer Simplex Wave Winding

Introduction to Double Layer Simplex Wave Winding Diagram

Question 1: Draw the winding diagram for a 2 pole, 6 slot double layer simplex wave connected dc machine with commutator comprising 12 segments. Point out the position of brushes.

Solution: Slots per pole = 6/2 = 3; no. of coils, C = number of commutator segments = 6

No. of coil sides = 2C = 12; hence, coil sides per slot = 12/6 = 2;

The back pitch, Yb = 2C/P + K = 12/2 + K = 6 - 1 = 5 (odd integer)

The winding pitch, Y= (2C +12m)/(P/2) = 12/2 = 6 (even integer);

Here m = 1 for simplex wave winding. The front pitch, Yf = Y - Yb =10 -5 = 5 (odd integer)

Beginning with top layer of coil side 1 (back end side), back pitch is added to acquire the bottom layer coil side, that is, 6 (back end side). To the coil side 11 (front end side), front pitch is added to acquire the top layer coil side, that is, 4 (16-12) (front end connection). Proceeding in identical way, all the coil sides are connected and the below table gives the winding table for 2 pole 6 slot simplex wave winding.

Table: Winding table for 2 poles, 6 slot simplex wave winding

 

S.No.

Top coil Side

(+Yf)

Bottom coil Side

(+Yb)

1

1

8

2

11

4

3

9

2

4

7

12

5

5

10

6

3

8

To draw the main winding figure, very first draw 8 solid vertical lines (equivalent to no. of coils) of equivalent length and equal distance. After that, draw 8 dotted lines nearer to the solid lines of same length and distance, as displayed in the below diagram.

Assign even numbers to the bottom layer coil sides of the dotted lines and odd numbers to the top layer coil sides of the solid lines.

Give the front end and back end connections with reference to the above table.   Divide the armature slots (or coils) from the number of poles.  This provides the allocation of coil sides to pole regions.  In this instance, the no. of slots are 6 and no. of poles are 2.  Thus, the North Pole, N region, covers first 3 coils (say 1 to 6) in the diagram below. The South Pole, S covers coil sides 7 to 12.

Find the current direction through applying right hand rule of Fleming, while the mode of operation is a generator and left hand rule of Fleming, while the mode of operation is a motor.  Or the current direction to all coil sides can be arbitrarily supposed.  Mark downward current direction for the coil sides within the North Pole regions and upward current direction within South Pole regions, as displayed in the below diagram.

1076_Double Layer Simplex Wave Winding Homework Help.jpg

Diagram - Main winding diagram for 2 pole 6 slot simplex wave machine

To set the brush arm positions and to find the no. of parallel paths offered through the armature winding, commutator ring diagram is employed, as displayed in the below diagram.

Draw the vertical solid lines equivalent to no. of coil sides and join them with reference to the above table (Winding table for 2 pole, 6 slot simplex wave winding), as displayed in the below diagram.  Also mark the current direction by the coil sides with reference to main winding diagram in below diagram.

Look for adjacent pair of coil sides comprising similar current direction. For coil sides 12 and 7 carry that carry upward currents, mark negative brush arm, and for coil sides 6 and 1 carry that carry downward currents, mark positive brush arm, as displayed in the below diagram.  Brush arms should be equivalent to the number of poles.

1501_Double Layer Simplex Wave Winding Homework Help 1.jpg

Figure: Commutator ring diagram

Now, transfer the brush arms to the main winding diagram. Mark positive brush arm under the commutator segment 1, in which the coil sides 1 and 6 meet. Likewise, mark negative brush arm below the commutator segment 4, in which the coil sides 2 and 12 meet. Tap out two leads and mark AA for negative brush arm and A for positive brush arms.  These two leads now point out the armature terminals of a dc machine.

To decide the no. of parallel paths offered through the wave winding, redraw the above diagram as displayed in the below diagram.

2106_Double Layer Simplex Wave Winding Homework Help 2.jpg

Diagram - Parallel paths for 2 poles 6 slot simplex lap winding

According to the above diagram, it can be seen that the number of parallel paths in a wave winding, will be equivalent to two that is 2, irrespective to the number of poles.

Equation: A = 2   

In which A stands for = number of parallel paths; the current through each armature coil or conductor will be the ratio of the total armature current by the number of parallel paths, that is,

I = IA / A

In which I stands for= current through each armature conductor/coil;

IA stands for = total armature current

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