Window phase of infection
What is the window phase of infection? How is this concept significant for the test of HIV infection in the blood banks?
Expert
The main immune response of body facing any infection is not immediate. The window phase is period from the infection till the formation of detectable particular antibodies against the infective agent.
In this time, immunochemical tests that not directly search infections, such as the ELISA and the Western-blot for HIV, give a negative result even if the person is really infected by agent. In the case of HIV, the window phase can last regarding 2 weeks to 3 months. The window phase is a vital problem for blood banks which perform only immunochemical tests on the donated blood. This is the reason why in some countries blood donors are submitted to a sequence of questions regarding their prior behavior, mainly sexual and drug use related, in months previous the donation and also to voluntary confidential self prohibiting, in that they declare whether their blood might be employed or must be excluded. Instead of facing this hazardous problem, modern blood banks nowadays employ PCR (or polymerase chain reaction) for HIV, a test which is not distorted by window phase as it is not antibody-based.
Using particular primers, the PCR detects the presence of the DNA generated by the reverse transcription of HIV RNA.
Briefly define cytoplasmic inclusions?
Departmental by the customer or service If a company has distinctly different customer groups, it may create department on the basis of the customer differences. For
What do you mean by the term chemotherapy? Briefly describe it.
What are the similarities and differences between the signaling arrays and responses that are driven and associated with the "Jasmontates" in plants, and the "eicosanoids"; arachidonic acid cascade components in animals? This is a large enough questi
Perception in business situation: 1) Perception and motivation: perception of the workplace plays a major role in motivation. Suppose an employee is experiencing some unexpected money trouble. Because of her disposition (she is worried) and the sal
Mass Merchandising: A practice in which a large group of individuals, as a group of employees, all assure with similar company, and remit premiums into a lump sum. Plan for insure particular members of a group, as employees of firms or members of labo
Describe extracellular digestion?
State the autotrophic hypothesis on the origin of life?
How output is utilized for credit management where this can be processed?
Characterize the mammals in accordance with the examples of representing beings, skin, basic morphology, respiration, circulation, nitrogen waste, thermal control and types of reproduction?
18,76,764
1959561 Asked
3,689
Active Tutors
1424079
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!