Modern approaches uses for forecast volatility and model

Question

What are the modern approaches uses for forecast volatility and model?

Answer 1

Volatility is too difficult to pin down this is a natural quantity for several interesting modelling. There are some of the approaches utilized to forecast model or volatility.
•    Econometric models
•    Deterministic models
•    Stochastic volatility
•    Poisson processes
•    Uncertain volatility