Brownian motion
Brownian motion - The continuous random motion of a solid microscopic particle whenever suspended in a fluid medium due to the effect of ongoing bombardment by molecules and atoms.
Peltier effect (J.C.A. Peltier; 1834): The modification in temperature produced at a junction among the two dissimilar metals or semiconductors whenever an electric current passes through the junction.
NUCLEAR PHYSICS (PHY555) HOMEWORK #1 1. Calculate the luminosity for a beam of protons of 1 µA colliding with a stationary liquid hydrogen target 30 cm long. Compare this to a typical colliding beam luminosity of ∼1034 cm-2
Laplace equation (P. Laplace): For the steady-state heat conduction in 1-dimension, the temperature distribution is the explanation to Laplace's equation, which defines that the second derivative of temperature with respect to displac
No-hair conjecture (1960s): The conjecture (confirmed in the 1970s and 1980s) in general relativity that a black hole has merely three salient external characteristics: angular momentum, mass, and electric charge. All the other proper
Avogadro's hypothesis (Count A. Avogadro; 1811): Equivalent volumes of all gases at similar temperature and pressure contain equivalent numbers of molecules. This is, in fact, true only for the ideal gases. <
Magnus effect: The rotating cylinder in a moving fluid drags a few of the fluid about with it, in its direction of rotation. This raises the speed in that area, and therefore the pressure is lower. Therefore, there is a total force on the cylinder in
Pfund series: The series that explains the emission spectrum of hydrogen whenever the electron is jumping to the fifth orbital. Each line is in the infrared part of the spectrum.
Define Kelvin or basic SI unit of thermodynamic temperature: Kelvin: K (after Lord Kelvin, 1824-1907): The basic SI unit of thermodynamic temperature stated as 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of triple point of the water.
Explain Correspondence limit or Correspondence principle? Correspondence limit (N. Bohr): The limit at which a more common theory decreases to a more specialized theory when the situations that the
Hawking radiation (S.W. Hawking; 1973): The theory which black holes emit radiation similar to any other hot body. The virtual particle-antiparticle pairs are continuously being made in supposedly empty space. Infrequently, a pair wil
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