What is scaling and shearing?
The scaling transformations alters the shape of an object and can be carried out by multiplying every vertex (x,y) by scaling factor Sx, Sy where Sx is the scaling factor of x and Sy is the scaling factor of y.
The shearing transformation in fact slants the object along the X direction or the Y direction as needed.ie; this transformation slants the shape of an object with a required plane.