Multiple choice
1. Typically, ________ rather than _________ make more effective decisions.
children; adults
individuals; groups
groups; individuals
men; women
2. If the members of your group were trying to decide on a course of action and experienced the risky shift phenomenon, what would be occurring?
group members would have agreed to shift responsibilities within the group among members
decisions selected by the group would generally be towards the action which pose the greatest risk
risk-takers within the group would shift to being more conservative, and vice-versa
the group consensus would shift over time from more risky actions to more cautious actions.
3. A(n) __________ may be as simple as two group members being physically near one another or as complex as two members being in competition.
internal barrier
external barrier
triggering event
indirect aggression
4. ____________ is one or more group member assigned the role of challenging the testimony of all those who support the majority opinion.
outside expert
impartial leadership
Devil's advocate
nonconforming entity
5. In discussion among group members, Lee tries to maintain good relationships and to maximize joint benefits. How would you characterize Lee's interaction?
as integrative negotiations
as mutual responsiveness
as psychological reactance
as distributive negotiations
6. Decisions are by their very nature ___________.
individualistic
deliberate discourse
debatable
controversial
7. According to Thomas and Schmidt (1976), managers spend what amount of their time dealing directly with conflicts?
10 to 15 percent
50 to 60 percent
40 to 50 percent
20 to 25 percent
8. All of the following can be the basis for conflicts except:
difference in wants, needs, goals, and values
scarcities of certain resources
rivalry
negotiating
9. Without _________, group decisions may always be less than optimal.
attraction
competence
controversy
rebuttal
10. What are superordinate goals?
conflict over basic values occurring among individuals from different cultures
goals that cannot be easily ignored by members of two antagonistic groups but whose attainment is beyond the resources and efforts of either group alone.
seeing the motivation for the behavior of members of other groups in terms of personality factors rather than the dynamics of inter-group conflict
seeing every action of members of other groups as a move to dominate, create an advantage, or win.