First Midterm Exam-
I. Binary Choice:
1. You are told that the two points (20, 4) and (-10, 5) sit on the same straight line. You conclude that this line is
a. Upward sloping and has a positive slope.
b. Downward sloping and has a negative slope.
2. New York City in recent years has rescinded many of its rent control ordinances. Given that these rent control ordinances had been effective in the New York City rental housing market, what do you anticipate will happen to rents in New York City, holding everything else constant?
a. Rents will fall relative to their level when the rent control ordinances were in effect.
b. Rents will rise relative to their level when the rent control ordinances were in effect.
3. Monrovia's production possibility frontier is bowed out from the origin. This implies that Monrovia
a. Must give up increasing amounts of the good measured on the horizontal axis in order to get more of the good measured on the vertical axis.
b. Must give up decreasing amounts of the good measured on the vertical axis in order to get more or the good measured on the horizontal axis.
4. Consider the market for corn. Suppose that the market is initially in equilibrium and then there is a significant drought in the corn growing regions of the world. Holding everything else constant, this will
a. Cause a shift of the demand curve for corn and a movement along the supply curve.
b. Cause a shift of the supply curve for corn and a movement along the demand curve.
5. Consider the market for bicycles. Suppose you live in a community with a well developed public transit system as well as an extensive bike route system. When the price of public transit system tickets increases you predict that
a. The demand curve for bicycles will shift to the right.
b. The demand curve for bicycles will shift to the left.
6. Joe is trying to decide between spending $10 on a movie ticket to see a movie on Friday night or to spend $10 on a concert ticket on Friday night. Both events would take three hours for Joe to attend. In either case, Joe will have to get a replacement at his job serving ice cream where he is paid $8 an hour. The opportunity cost for Joe of attending the movie is
a. $24
b. $34
7. Consider a market for a particular good in a small economy where the domestic equilibrium price for the good if the economy is a closed economy is greater than the world price for the good. If this economy opens to trade
a. Domestic consumers would benefit while domestic producers would be hurt.
b. Domestic consumers would be hurt while domestic producers would benefit.
8. A small economy opens its markets to trade. In the market for one good the government of the small economy decides to implement a tariff on the good. To have any effect on this market, the tariff must be
a. Greater than the world price for the good and the world price of the good must be greater than the equilibrium price in this market if the market was closed to trade.
b. Greater than the world price for the good and the world price of the good must be less than the equilibrium price in this market if the market was closed to trade.
9. The world price of a good is less than the closed economy price of that same good. Implementation of an effective quota will
a. Increase producer surplus.
b. Decrease producer surplus.
10. The world price of a good is greater than the closed economy price of that same good. Opening this market to trade will
a. Increase consumer surplus.
b. Decrease consumer surplus.
11. Irving, a stockbroker, sells $10,000 worth of stock to George during 2009. He charges George a commission of $200 when he makes this transaction. GDP for 2009
a. Will include both the $10,000 worth of stock as well as the $200 commission.
b. Will include only the $200 commission.
12. First Nation's nominal GDP for 2009 was 20% greater than its nominal GDP for 2008. First Nation's real GDP for 2009 was 16% greater than its real GDP for 2008. From this information we can conclude that
a. First Nation's GDP deflator in 2009 rose relative to First Nation's GDP deflator in 2008.
b. First Nation's GDP deflator in 2009 fell relative to First Nation's GDP deflator in 2008.
13. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. In calculating real GDP the quantity measures are held constant.
b. In calculating the CPI, the choice of base year will yield different index numbers, but will not affect the rate of inflation between different years.
14. Tom currently earns $100 a week at his job. Tom expects inflation to be 10% a year for the next two years. In order for Tom to maintain the same real purchasing power of his salary, how much will his nominal salary need to be two years from now?
a. $120 a week
b. $121 a week
15. True or False: It is possible to implement a quota or a tariff in a market so that the impact on the quantity of imports, and the effect on consumer surplus and producer surplus are equivalent. Even if the two trade policies are equivalent with regard to the effect on imports, the effect on consumer surplus, and the effect on producer surplus, the two policies (quota or tariff) will necessarily create a different amount of deadweight loss.
a. True
b. False
II. Multiple Choice Questions:
Use the following information to answer the next THREE questions.
The following information describes the PPF for Arcadia. Arcadia produces two goods, trucks and welding equipment. Assume that Arcadia's PPF is linear between any two adjacent combinations in the table.
|
Combination
|
Trucks
|
Units of Welding Equipment
|
|
A
|
100
|
0
|
|
B
|
90
|
20
|
|
C
|
75
|
40
|
|
D
|
35
|
80
|
|
E
|
0
|
100
|
16. Arcadia is currently producing on its PPF at a combination where 40 trucks are being produced. What is the opportunity cost of producing an additional truck?
a. 74 units of welding equipment
b. 5 units of welding equipment
c. 5 trucks
d. 1 unit of welding equipment
17. Which of the following production combinations is infeasible for Arcadia?
a. 18 trucks and 90 units of welding equipment
b. 55 trucks and 60 units of welding equipment
c. 94 trucks and 10 units of welding equipment
d. 75 trucks and 35 units of welding equipment
18. Consider the PPF of Arcadia. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
I. The Law of Increasing Opportunity Cost does NOT hold for Arcadia since the production possibility frontier is composed of linear segments.
II. The Law of Increasing Opportunity Cost holds with respect to trucks but does NOT hold with respect to welding equipment.
III. The Law of Increasing Opportunity Cost holds with respect to welding equipment but does NOT hold with respect to trucks.
a. Statement I is true.
b. Statement II is true.
c. Statement III is true.
d. Statements I, II and III are all NOT true.
19. Consider the market for orange juice which is initially in equilibrium. Suppose that there is a bad freeze that destroys much of the orange crop for the year. At the same time suppose that researchers discover that drinking orange juice can produce substantial weight gain for most people due to its high sugar content. From this information which of the following answers is most likely to be TRUE? Compared to the initial equilibrium,
a. Price will increase and quantity may increase, decrease or remain the same.
b. Price will decrease and quantity may increase, decrease or remain the same.
c. Quantity will increase and price may increase, decrease or remain the same.
d. Quantity will decrease and price may increase, decrease or remain the same.
20. Consider the market for coffee which is initially in equilibrium Suppose that coffee growers negotiate a new contract with their distributors that results in higher wages for all coffee growers. Simultaneously there is an increase in the cost of the materials used to package coffee. Which of the following answers is most likely to be TRUE? Compared to the initial equilibrium,
a. Price will increase and quantity may increase, decrease or remain the same.
b. Quantity will decrease and quantity may increase, decrease or remain the same.
c. Price will increase and quantity will decrease.
d. Price will decrease and quantity will increase.
21. The price of jam increases due to an increase in the price of the fresh fruit used to produce the jam. In the market for bread this change will
a. Cause a movement along the demand curve and a shift in the supply curve.
b. Cause a movement along the supply curve and a shift in the demand curve.
c. Cause the equilibrium price of bread to increase and the equilibrium quantity of bread to decrease relative to the initial equilibrium in the bread market.
d. Cause the equilibrium price of bread to decrease and the equilibrium quantity of bread to increase relative to the initial equilibrium in the bread market.
22. Suppose real GDP in 2000 is $100,000 and that real GDP in 2001 grows by 20% from the level in 2000. Furthermore, suppose the population in 2000 is 1000 and the population in 2001 is 1100. Which of the following is TRUE?
a. Since the population is growing at a slower rate than the rate of growth for real GDP, we know this adversely affects the standard of living.
b. The economy is in a recession.
c. Real GDP per capita in 2001 has increased relative to 2000.
d. The economy is in an expansion.
23. GDP
a. Can be measured using the value added approach, the expenditure approach, or the factor payment approach.
b. Includes any transaction made within the geographic borders of a country during a specific time period.
c. Per capita in real terms decreases if the rate of population growth is less than the rate of growth in aggregate production.
d. Understates the value of volunteer production while overstating the value of household production.
Use the following information to answer the next three questions.
Countries A and B can produce donuts (D) and cucumbers (C). Both nations have a linear PPF. Country A can produce a maximum of 12 donuts and produces at most 2 times more cucumbers than its maximum amount of donuts. Country B at its maximum capacity can produce one third of the cucumbers produced by country A or a maximum of one half of the donuts country A produces.
24. The PPFs of countries A and B are best described by the equations:
a. Country D A: C = 12 -2D and Country B: D = 6 - 3/4C
b. Country A: C = 12 -2D and Country B: 3C = 24-4D
c. Country A: 2D = 24-C and Country B: 3C = 24-4D
d. Country A: D = 12 -1/2C and Country B: 3C = 6-4D
25. The following statement is TRUE about countries A and B:
a. Country A should specialize in donuts and Country B in cucumbers.
b. Country A should specialize in cucumbers and Country B has an opportunity cost of 3/4 cucumbers in the production of donuts.
c. Country B should specialize in the production of donuts and Country A has an opportunity cost of 2 cucumbers in the production of donuts.
d. Country A should specialize in the production of donuts and Country B has an opportunity cost of 3/4 donuts in the production of cucumbers.
26. The price range where trade for 10 cucumbers would occur is:
a. 1/2 to 3/4 donuts
b. 1/2 to 3/4 cucumbers
c. 5 to 7.5 donuts
d. 4/3 to 2 donuts
27. The following are hypothetical data on the CPI and nominal wages for an economy.
|
Year
|
CPI
|
Nominal Wage
|
|
2000
|
100
|
$10
|
|
2001
|
110
|
$12
|
|
2002
|
115
|
$13
|
|
2003
|
135
|
$14
|
According to this table, the REAL WAGE in 2000 dollars was highest in 2002 at
a. $17.50
b. $14.95
c. $8.85
d. $11.30
28. Citizen Jane is assigned the task of computing Economy X's GDP for the current period. She is given the following data:
Tire production for the period $4 million
New car production for the period $20 million
Residential Sales of Pre-existing homes $20 million
Real Estate Brokerage Fees for the period $2 million
Furthermore, Jane knows that 25% of the tires manufactured in her economy are replacement tires for worn out tires. Assume there are no other transactions in this economy. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. GDP for Economy X in this period equals $26 million.
b. GDP for Economy X in this period equals $22 million.
c. GDP for Economy X in this period equals $43 million.
d. GDP for Economy X in this period equals $23 million.
The table below presents the statistics of Ireland in 2010. Use the information in the table to answer next two questions.
|
Consumption Expenditure
|
$500 million
|
Market value
of stock issued
|
$80 million
|
|
Expenditure on plant and equipment
|
$200 million
|
Market value
of bonds issued
|
$ 50 million
|
|
Inventories
|
$-380 million
|
Purchases of
foreign bonds
|
$40 million
|
|
Government expenditure
|
$80 million
|
Wages
|
$300 million
|
|
Government tax revenue
|
$30 million
|
Profit
|
$80 million
|
|
Government transfers
|
$20 million
|
Interest
|
$ ??????????
|
|
Exports
|
$195 million
|
Rent
|
$75 million
|
|
Imports
|
$75 million
|
|
|
29. It can be said about the information in the table that:
a. That Ireland's GDP is $ 620 million..
b. That Ireland's GDP is $ 520 million.
c. That Ireland's GDP is $ 900 million.
d. That Ireland's GDP is $ 420 million.
30. It can be said about the information in the table that:
a. Interest payments are $ 55 million.
b. Interest payments are $ 65 million.
c. Interest payments are $ 445 million.
d. Interest payments are $ -35 million.
III. Written Exercise:
The economy of the democratic republic of Banania is known for its production of passion fruit. Banania is presently a small closed economy where the demand for passion fruit is supplied by three producers. Their supply curves are given by:
Producer 1: 3P = 40 + Q1s
Producer 2: Q2s = 4P
Producer 3: P = (1/2)Q3s
In Banania there are two types of consumers. Their demands are given by:
Consumers in Group 1: Q1d = 300 -P
Consumers in Group 2: Q2d = 1200 -4P
Using the information above to answer the following questions:
a. Find the set of equations that describe the market (or aggregate) demand for passion fruit in Banania.
b. Find the set of equations that describes the market (or aggregate) supply for passion fruit in Banania
c. Graph the market supply and demand curves for passion fruit in Banania. In your graph be sure to label the X and Y-intercepts. Also, label the value on the y-axis where the kinks occur in the demand and/or supply curves.
d. Find the equilibrium price and quantity of passion fruit in Banania. Assume that no buyers or sellers have market power in the market for passion fruit.
e. In your graph from part (c) shade and label clearly the area of consumer surplus and producer surplus in the market for passion fruit in Banania.