Lexical analysis and its functions

What do you mean by the term Lexical analysis? Write down its main functions?

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It is a process of taking an input string of characters (that is, source code of a compiler program) and producing a series of symbols termed as lexical tokens. This is fundamentally the passing of the source program to proper syntactic classes. The major function performed is the recognition of the fundamental elements (termed as tokens) and creation of uniform symbols. This builds different tables such as the literal table, identifier table and the symbol table.

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