Increasing the I/O efficiency

Question

How to increase the I/O efficiency?

Answer 1

I/O efficiency can be increased by the following steps:

a) Decrease the number of context switches.
b) Decreasing number of times the data should be copied within the memory when passing between the devices and the application.
c) Decrease the interrupts frequency.
d) Increasing the concurrency.
e) Transferring the processing primitives in the hardware
f) Managing the CPU, bus, memory subsystem and I/O performance.