Explanation of protocooperation

Give a brief explanation of protocooperation.

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Protocooperation is ecological interaction in that both participants benefit and which is not obligatory for their continued existence. Protocooperation is a harmonious (or as well known as positive) inter-specific ecological interaction. Instances of protocooperation are: the action of spur-winged plover which using its beak eats residuals from the crocodile teeth; the exclusion of ectoparasites from back of bovines by some birds which eat the parasites; the hermit crab that live in shells over which sea anemones live (such present protection to crab and gain mobility to acquire food).

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